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HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the human immune system. It is transmitted through contact with infected blood, sexual intercourse, and from mother to child.

Key facts about HIV:

1. HIV destroys the immune system, weakening the body's ability to fight infections.

2. Without treatment, HIV progresses to the stage of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), which is characterized by the appearance of opportunistic infections and cancer.

3. The main routes of HIV transmission are: unprotected sexual contact, contact with infected blood (sharing needles), from mother to child during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

4. HIV is not transmitted through handshakes, hugs, kisses, coughing, sneezing, insect bites, or sharing utensils and household items.

5. Currently, HIV is incurable, but with timely treatment with antiretroviral drugs, it can control the virus and prevent the development of AIDS.

6. The only way to find out if you have HIV is to do a blood test. Timely diagnosis allows you to prevent further spread of the virus and begin the necessary treatment.

7. It is important for HIV-infected people to maintain a healthy lifestyle, avoid overwork and stress, undergo regular examinations and take medications recommended by a doctor to strengthen the immune system.

8. HIV prevention involves using condoms, sterile equipment, and stopping drug use. Testing and counseling help reduce the risk of infection.

HIV remains a major health problem worldwide. However, timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly prolong and improve the quality of life of HIV-infected people. It is important to be tolerant and supportive of people living with HIV.