Colitis

Colitis: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Colitis is an inflammatory disease of the colon, which can lead to disruption of its functions and damage to the mucous membrane. Common symptoms of colitis include diarrhea, pain in the lower abdomen, and blood or mucus in the stool. Depending on the cause of the disease, colitis can have different forms and degrees of severity.

Diagnosis of colitis is based on examination of the mucous membrane of the colon during sigmoidoscopy or X-ray examination using a barium enema. These methods allow you to visualize changes in the structure and function of the intestine, determine the location and extent of damage to the mucous membrane, and also identify the presence of inflammation, ulcers and other changes.

The causes of colitis can be different. Colitis can develop as a result of infection with Entamoeba histolytica (amebic colitis) or any bacteria (infectious colitis); It is often observed in Crohn's disease (Crohn's colitis). Partial or temporary disruption of the blood supply to the colon can lead to the development of ischemic colitis. With ulcerative colitis (idiopathic proctocolitis), the rectum and part of the colon are almost always affected, becoming inflamed and ulcerated. Although the causes of the disease are unknown, there are many risk factors, including heredity, stress, poor diet and others.

Treatment for colitis depends on its form and severity. In case of exacerbation, the patient is prescribed various medications, including corticosteroids and drugs containing 5-aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine, mesalazine and olsalazine in tablets or enemas). Strict adherence to bed rest is also necessary. Severe, long-term or extensive colitis is often treated surgically (colectomy, proctocolectomy).

In the case of mucous colitis, diarrhea or abdominal pain without inflammation of the intestines (irritable bowel syndrome) often occurs. This condition may be due to irregular diet, stress or other factors. Treatment for mucosal colitis may include dietary changes, probiotics, and other interventions.

In general, colitis is a serious disease that requires an integrated approach to diagnosis and treatment. If characteristic symptoms such as diarrhea, pain in the lower abdomen and blood or mucus in the stool occur, you should consult a doctor for diagnosis and determine the optimal treatment. By following your doctor's recommendations and maintaining the correct diet and rest, you can significantly improve your condition with colitis and avoid possible complications.

Colitis is inflammation of the colon (large intestine). Characteristic symptoms of the disease are diarrhea, sometimes mixed with blood and mucus, as well as pain in the lower abdomen. The diagnosis is made based on examination of the mucous membrane of the colon during sigmoidoscopy or during an X-ray examination using a barium enema.

Colitis can develop as a result of infection with Entamoeba histolytica (atoebic colitis) or any bacteria (infectious colitis); It is often observed in Crohn's disease (Crohn's colitis). Partial or temporary disruption of the blood supply to the colon can lead to the development of ischemic colitis (ischaernic colitis).

In ulcerative colitis (idiopathic proctocolitis), the rectum (see Proctitis) and part of the colon are almost always affected, becoming inflamed and ulcerated. The causes of the disease are unknown. The intensity of its manifestations varies from month to month; in case of exacerbation, the patient is prescribed various medications, including corticosteroids and drugs containing 5-aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine, mesalazine and olsalazine in tablets or enemas); Strict adherence to bed rest is also necessary.

Severe, long-term or extensive colitis is often treated surgically (see Colectomy, Proctocolectomy). In the case of mucous colitis, diarrhea or abdominal pain without intestinal inflammation often occurs (see Irritable bowel syndrome).

Colitis is an inflammation of the colon (large intestine), which is manifested by the following symptoms: diarrhea with blood and mucus, pain in the lower abdomen. This diagnosis can be made based on examination of the surface of the colon using rectomanoscopy, or a barium radiograph.

Various causes can cause colitis, including bacterial infections, HIV, antibiotics, Crohn's disease, blood supply problems, and intestinal obstruction. Treatment usually involves the use of antibiotics or corticosteroids. Some of the most common causes of colitis include the following:

1. Lack of fluid and poor diet: One of the main causes of diarrhea is dehydration from excessive consumption of alcohol and fried foods, in addition, it can provoke increased sensitivity of the intestinal mucosa to irritants. Because of this, pain occurs in the lower abdomen due to inflammation of the mucous membrane. 2. Iron deficiency: Low blood hemoglobin levels affect normal bowel functions: a feeling of fullness, bloating, loose stools, pressure surges, constipation or diarrhea. This leads to increased permeability of small vessels, causing increased absorption of sugar and production of bile acids. Mucosal cells cannot digest food well, which directly affects intestinal function and nutrient absorption. 3. Irritants in the intestines: Lactose intolerance often manifests itself as abdominal pain and diarrhea after consuming dairy products. Not having enough enzymes to digest milk or sugar in other foods can also cause diarrhea. By eliminating milk from your diet, you will alleviate your condition. If you suffer from diarrhea, pay attention to your diet, add more greens, vegetables, cooked meat and fish instead of red meat or saturated fat. It is useful to include fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains in the menu