Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Zoonotic

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: causes, symptoms and treatment

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, also known as acute necrotizing cutaneous leishmaniasis or cutaneous leishmaniasis ruralis, is a disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania. This protozoa is distributed in a number of countries, including Africa, Asia and South America, and is transmitted to humans through the bites of sand flies.

Causes:

The sand fly, which transmits the protozoa Leishmania, lives in rural areas and is usually active during the monsoon periods. Cutaneous leishmaniasis, a zoonotic disease, can occur in people living in these areas who have contact with soil that may be contaminated with sand fly excrement.

Symptoms:

The first symptoms of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis may appear several months after the sand fly bite. Ulcers appear on the skin, which can be painful and increase in size. The ulcers may have sharp edges and a base covered with a black crust. In addition, patients may experience general weakness, fever, and loss of appetite.

Treatment:

Treatment for zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis can be done with medications such as suril antimoniate, miltefosine, or amphotericin B. Treatment can last from several weeks to several months, depending on the severity of the disease. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the ulcers.

Prevention:

Because cutaneous leishmaniasis is zoonotic and is transmitted through the bites of sand flies, it is important to take precautions to avoid contact with them. This may include using repellents, clothing covering arms and legs, and window screens. Additionally, contact with contaminated soil should be avoided, especially in rural areas where sand flies are most active.

In conclusion, zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is a serious disease that can lead to complications if not treated promptly. If symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. Following precautions and preventive measures will help avoid contact with sand flies and prevent disease.

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis: understanding and preventing spread

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, also known as acute necrotizing cutaneous leishmaniasis or cutaneous leishmaniasis ruralis, is an infectious disease transmitted from animals to humans. It is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania, which is transmitted through the bites of certain species of sand flies. This disease is an important public health problem in areas of high endemicity.

A characteristic feature of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is the formation of ulcers on the skin, which can be painful and impair the patient's daily functions. Acute forms of the disease can lead to necrotizing ulcers, which require long-term treatment and can leave scars and deformities on the skin.

The main reservoirs of infection sources are wild and domestic animals, such as dogs, rodents and other mammals. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is zoonotic and is transmitted to humans through the bites of sand flies, which are vectors of the disease. A person can also become infected from other infected people through blood or vertically from mother to child.

The spread of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is due to various factors, including climatic conditions, vectors, environmental changes and poor hygiene. Most cases of the disease occur in tropical and subtropical regions, where sand flies and their reservoirs are most active.

Preventing the spread of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important public health concern. Some measures that can be taken include controlling the stray animal population, using insect repellents, using protective clothing and mosquito nets, and educational programs for communities and health professionals about prevention and treatment methods.

Treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis should be carried out under the supervision of qualified medical professionals. Currently, there are various drugs and treatments available, including medications, immunotherapy, and surgery. However, it is important to note that prevention, including protection against sand fly bites and reservoir animal population control, is the main tool in the control of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

In conclusion, zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis poses a serious threat to public health in regions with high endemicity. Measures must be taken to prevent the spread of the disease, including control of reservoir animal populations, use of insecticides and personal protection against sand fly bites. Effective education and access to quality health care also play an important role in combating this disease. Expanding and improving approaches to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis is a priority for the medical community in order to reduce its negative impact on public health.