Leukogenesis

Leukogenesis is the process of formation of leukocytes (white blood cells) from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.

White blood cells play an important role in the immune system, protecting the body from infection and damage. There are several types of white blood cells, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Each type performs specific protective functions.

The process of leukogenesis begins with the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Under the influence of various growth factors and cytokines, stem cells transform into myeloid and lymphoid progenitor cells, which then differentiate into mature leukocytes.

Leukogenesis is regulated by hormones and cytokines. Changes in leukogenesis can lead to the development of leukemia and other blood diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of leukogenesis is important for studying these diseases and developing new treatments.

Leukogenesis is the process of formation of white blood cells in the bone marrow. It is one of the most important mechanisms of the human immune system. White blood cells play a key role in protecting the body from infections, cancer and other diseases. In this article we will look at the main stages of leukogenesis, its role in the immune system and the factors influencing its regulation.

The first stage of leukogenesis is myelopoiesis. Occurs in hematopoietic stem cells and ancestral myeloid and lymphoid cells. The result of this stage is the development of myelokaryocytes, which multiply by mitosis. Upon reaching a certain mass and number of nuclei, these cells can begin to differentiate into cells of the leukocyte series using genetic control mechanisms.

Next, the cells of the myelocytic series are divided according to their differentiated characteristics. Monocytes and macrophages have multinucleated plasma cells, which gives them their characteristic appearance. Granulocytes differentiate slowly and begin with protein and glycogen synthesis. This is followed by the maturation of granules, the presence of which gives granulocytes a characteristic appearance, for example, neutrophils contain large feathery granules, basophilic cells contain fine granules.

The last stage that completes leukogenesis is the processing and concentration of the product in the plasma space, from where immune protection is carried out.