Leukonychia punctata

Leukonychia punctata (Latin leuconychia punctata; Greek λευκονύχιον βλαστηρίζων “white nail bed with spots”) is a type of dystrophic lesions of the nails, characterized by the appearance of white spots or stripes on the lunula, nail plate or nail bed. It is a manifestation of other (general) leukonychia, and is considered as a form of general predisposition to increased fragility of nails. Leukonychia punctata spots are most often located at the proximal edge of the nail plate, leaving its middle free, but they can also be single lesions in the middle of the plate or the entire nail over its entire area. The development of leukonychia is promoted by hereditary predisposition, as well as a lack of vitamins A, B12, and phosphorus in food.

The basis for the occurrence of the disease is hemorrhage into the nail matrix, which can occur either during an injury or independently due to a violation of the structure of a healthy plate and degeneration of the blood supply structures.

If the leukonychia spot is of traumatic origin, it is located at the edge of the nail bed, and