Macrosomia (Macrosomid)

Macrosomia (Macrosomid) is an abnormally large size of something. In case of fetal macrosomia, a woman may develop a very large baby due to poorly treated diabetes. The increase in its size and weight occurs due to the production of excess insulin in the fetal body, which contributes to the deposition of excess glycogen in its tissues.

Macrosomia is a condition in which the fetus is abnormally large in size and weight at birth. Typically, a baby is considered macrosomic if it weighs 10 pounds or more, which is above average for newborns. Macrosomia can be caused by a variety of factors, but one of the most common causes is maternal diabetes.

Women with diabetes have trouble maintaining normal blood sugar levels. High glucose levels can cross the placenta and reach the fetus. In response, the fetus begins to produce more insulin to cope with the excess glucose. Excess insulin stimulates fetal growth and promotes the deposition of excess glycogen in its tissues, which leads to an increase in the size and weight of the child.

Macrosomia can create problems for both mother and baby. Women who give birth to macrosomic babies have an increased risk of rupture of the birth canal and complications during childbirth. For a baby, macrosomia can lead to difficulty navigating the birth canal, an increased risk of trauma during birth, and long-term complications such as obesity and an increased risk of developing diabetes in the future.

To detect fetal macrosomia during pregnancy, an ultrasound examination can be performed, which allows you to estimate the size of the fetus and its weight. If macrosomia is confirmed, medical staff may recommend additional measures to ensure a safe and comfortable birth, such as a cesarean section.

Prevention of macrosomia is associated with effective management of diabetes in pregnant women. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and adherence to dietary and physical activity recommendations will help reduce the risk of macrosomia and related complications.

In conclusion, macrosomia is a condition in which the fetus is unusually large in size and weight at birth. One of the most common causes of macrosomia is maternal diabetes, which leads to excess insulin production in the fetus. This condition can lead to risks and complications for both mother and baby. Therefore, early detection and effective management of diabetes in pregnant women is an important aspect of preventing macrosomia and its associated problems.

Article about macrosomia: Macrosomia is a pathological increase in the body weight of the fetus inside the womb, which occurs due to metabolic disorders. In a macrosomic pregnancy, the fetus becomes very large. The abnormality of increased fetal size is called fetal macrosomia. Its size usually increases by the time of gestation and exceeds the normal value. This pathology can lead to adverse consequences for the newborn. This disorder is noticeable during a routine gynecological examination, but an ultrasound can show which child it is, if necessary. The exact way to diagnose macrosomia depends on the timing of fetal development. In the early stages this will usually be an X-ray examination of the bones. There are also x-rays of the pole bones, ultrasound examination of soft tissues, magnetic resonance imaging and other examination methods.

Causes

**The main causes of macrosomia are:** - Diabetes mellitus in the mother.