Mesosome

Mesosome is a structure that is formed in some bacterial cells due to the presence of folds in the cell membrane. This structure was first described in 1953 by André Louis and Robert Schlenger, who used electron microscopy to study the morphology of bacteria.

Mesosomes have a variety of shapes and sizes, and can be located both on the surface of the cell and inside it. They may be spherical, cylindrical, or tube-shaped, and may be located near the poles of the cell or in the center.

One of the main functions of mesosomes is participation in the process of cell division. During division, mesosomes expand and take part in the formation of the bacterial septum, which divides the cell into two daughter cells. In addition, mesosomes can bind to DNA and participate in the process of copying genetic material.

Despite the fact that mesosomes were discovered more than 60 years ago, not all the mechanisms of their work have yet been fully elucidated. However, research has shown that mesosomes may also be involved in the transport of substances across the cell membrane and in the secretion of certain proteins.

Some bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, do not form mesosomes, while in other bacterial species they may be very pronounced. For example, in bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus, mesosomes can occupy a significant part of the cell and are used to form spores.

In general, mesosomes are an important structure in bacterial cells, involved in various processes such as cell division, copying and transport of genetic material, as well as transport of substances across the membrane and secretion of proteins.

A mesosome is a structure formed in some bacterial cells due to the presence of special folds in their cell membrane. It plays an important role in regulating cell division processes and can be associated with DNA.

Mesosomes can be either single or multiple. They are formed by the fusion of two or more cell membranes. As a result of this process, folds are formed on the membrane, which form mesosomes.

One of the functions of mesosomes is to regulate cell division processes. They can participate in the formation of new cells and maintaining the integrity of existing ones. During cell division, mesosomes may also play a role in transferring genetic information between cells.

In addition, mesosomes may play a role in protecting the cell from external influences. They can serve as a barrier to the penetration of harmful substances and microorganisms.

Thus, the mesosome is an important structure in the life of bacteria. It is involved in the processes of cell division, protection from external factors and the transfer of genetic information. Studying mesosomes can help understand the mechanisms underlying bacterial life and develop new methods to combat infectious diseases.

Mesosomes: structural organization and role in the life of bacteria

Mesosomes are structures in a bacterial cell that are formed due to the presence of folds in the cell membrane and binding to DNA. They play an important role in bacterial division and can influence other cellular processes. In this article we will consider the definition of mesosomes, their properties and functions.

Definition

* Mesosome* (English Mesosome) is a temporary mobile bilayer structural and functional supra-membrane shell of a cylindrical shape with the function of cell rotation as they move along the substrate. It is one of the important mechanisms of cell deformation during movement. The largest mesosomes are found in microorganisms with “carious” thallosomes, but not in prokaryotic organelles with a rod-shaped form, while they are always characteristic of many simple prokaryotic cells. This confirms their classification as extracellular and non-lipid membranes. They may have a “flagellate” appearance, like protein filaments without secondary structure. Often absent from the bodies of some types of microorganisms. Typical sizes of mesosomes are up to 50 nm in length and 20 nm in diameter. Contain a complex of various