Myopia (Myopia)

Myopia is a type of ametropia in which parallel rays coming from distant objects are focused in front of the retina. This leads to a decrease in distance visual acuity.

Reasons for the development of myopia:

1. Lengthening the anterior-posterior axis of the eye
2. Increased refractive power of the optical media of the eye
3. Hereditary predisposition
4. Excessive visual strain at close range
5. General diseases and intoxications

Symptoms:

1. Decreased distance visual acuity
2. Headaches when working visually

Flow:

1. Most often begins at school age
2. May progress until 18-20 years of age
3. Possible pathological elongation of the eye with complications

Diagnosis is based on:

1. Determination of visual acuity with correction
2. Refractometry

Treatment:

1. Optical correction with glasses or contact lenses
2. Drug therapy for progressive myopia
3. Surgical treatment for high grade

Prevention:

1. Maintaining visual hygiene
2. Limiting visual stress
3. Physical exercise
4. Health promotion

The prognosis for uncomplicated myopia is favorable when choosing a correction. With progressive myopia and complications, the prognosis worsens.