Nasal Cavity

Nasal cavity: structure and functions

The nasal cavity is an important element of the respiratory system, through which air enters the body. This cavity is divided into two parts by the osteochondral nasal septum and is formed by bony pits and protuberances called septa. The inner surface of the nasal cavity is covered with mucous membrane, which performs several important functions.

One of the key functions of the nasal cavity is to clean the inhaled air. The cilia, which are located on the surface of the mucous membrane, trap fine dust and other contaminants that are in the air. This helps prevent these particles from entering the respiratory tract and protects the body from possible harmful effects.

Another important function of the nasal cavity is to provide protection against infections. The mucous membrane produces mucus, which destroys airborne microorganisms and helps prevent infection in the body.

The mucous membrane also plays an important role in maintaining optimal moisture in the nasal cavity. It prevents too dry air from entering the body and provides it with the necessary humidity. In addition, the blood vessels that are located in the mucous membrane help maintain optimal temperature in the nasal cavity, and the folds of the inner wall trap and warm inhaled air.

The nasal cavity also serves as a sense of smell. The mucous membrane contains olfactory receptors that help the body recognize odors.

However, when the nasal cavity becomes diseased, its functions may be impaired. For example, with nasal congestion or a runny nose, the mucous membrane can become inflamed, which leads to disruption of its functions and makes breathing difficult. In such cases, it is important to consult a doctor who will prescribe the necessary treatment.

Thus, the nasal cavity plays an important role in the respiratory system and performs several important functions, including purifying the inhaled air, protecting against infections, maintaining optimal humidity and temperature, and smelling. Therefore, taking care of your nasal health is an important aspect of maintaining overall health.

The nasal cavity is a space in the skull of mammals, located between the frontal sinuses, paranasal sinuses and the frontal part of the skull: the nasal cavity is where the sense of smell and the formation of nasal mucus, necessary to protect the body from external influences, occur. In humans, the average length of the nasal cavity is about 8 cm and its volume can range from 32 to 56 ml, the shape of the nasal cavity varies depending on race. The lower border is the body of the sphenoid and frontal bones. The upper border passes through the nasal spine, the nasal septum, the digital foramina located behind it and the anterior border of the maxillary processes. At the same time, the nasopharynx is delimited from the nasal cavity in front and the hard palate from the oral cavity below. The nasal cavity is bounded above by the bones of the cranial vault, in front by the bottom of the nose and the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone, below by the upper jaw and floor of the mouth, below and on the sides by the nasal processes of the hard palate. The front, bottom walls and back are directed inward, and the rear wall is directed anteriorly. On the lateral sides, the nasal cavity is formed by the wings of the middle and superior conchae, the column, and the body of the main sinus of the nose. The middle concha is adjacent to the lateral wall near the horizontal anastomosis and is often connected to it by a narrow ridge. The inner surface of the nasal cavity is called the mucous membrane.