Ophthalmoscopy

Ophthalmoscopy (or ophthalmological vision examination) is a technique for examining the fundus of the eye and the optical properties of the retina using an ophthalmoscope (optical instrument) as part of a consultation with an ophthalmologist.

**History of ophthalmoscopy:**

The first methods of studying the fundus of the eye were described by ancient doctors,

Ophthalmoscopy is an examination of the fundus of the eye with an ophthalmoscope. In medical terminology, ophthalmoscopy means a set of methods for examining the fundus of the eye, including examination of the fundus using a mirror or mirror image, obtained using direct reflectors of an ophthalmic peculiar mirror and shadow ophthalmoscopy obtained using a diascope or binocular ophthalmoscope. In relation to the eyes, ophthalmoscopy is performed with seemingly superficial care, instillation and injection of contrast agents.

To examine the fundus of the eye, a cone-shaped mirror ophthalmoscope is used, which allows one to obtain an image of the eye tissues and blood vessels due to the reflection of light rays created by the ophthalmoscope lamp from their surface. In this case, the pallor or redness of the sclera, ciliary body, plethora of the optic nerve head, dilated veins, the presence of hemorrhages, bruises in the center and on the periphery of the eyeball are clearly determined.