Orthodontics

**Orthodontics** (orthodontia; ort+ Greek odus, odontos tooth) is a branch of dentistry dealing with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dental anomalies using special (orthodontic) structures (bite correction, dentition correction, dentition correction).

Orthodontic diagnosis is a multifaceted process. It is based on the study of many factors - from the structure of the dental arches to many aspects of the body’s activity. The key to making a correct diagnosis is an integrated approach to diagnosis. As a rule, to make a diagnosis it is necessary to conduct not only a general clinical examination, but also radiological research methods, anthropometric and other methods.

The objects of orthodontic treatment are anomalies and deformations of the dentofacial system, which affect the functions of speech, breathing, chewing, swallowing and social aspects of human life. The subject of study and influence of orthodontics are both the dentofacial anomalies themselves and the general functional indicators secondarily altered by these anomalies. Orthodontic treatment should be aimed at preserving the functions of the dental system and the morphological and functional correspondence of individual parts of this system to each other and to the entire body as a whole. The advantage of a qualified orthodontist over someone who has only some skills in working with orthodontic structures is that a doctor who knows the principles and sequence of orthodontic interventions will be able to perform dental correction in a less invasive and less traumatic way. In addition, a competent orthodontist is able to save a child or adult, firstly, a number of teeth, and secondly, straighten the chewing function. At the same time, having previously familiarized himself with the tomography data, he will be able to choose the optimal path that will allow him to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect with minimal traumatic risks. Malocclusion, diastema, crowding - all this is subject to modern orthodontic technologies. The sooner a patient contacts an orthodontist, the more successful the treatment outcome will be. But when turning to an orthodontist late, irreversible phenomena are often observed, caused by late seeking medical help, leading to multiple complications.