Cavernous Sinus

The cavernous (cavernous) sinus is one of the paired sinuses, which is located in the temporal bone and connects the cranial cavity with the venous system. The cavernous sinuses are important for the body, as they function as the outflow of venous blood from the brain and face.

The cavernous sinus is formed between the cavernous sinus and the cavernous sinus, which are located in the upper part of the temporal bone. The cavernous sinus is a narrow canal that connects the cranial cavity and the venous system. The cavernous sinus, on the other hand, is the enlarged part of the cavernous sinus, which is filled with venous blood and is shaped like a cave.

Venous blood from the brain and other parts of the body enters the cavernous sinus through channels that pass through the temporal bone. Venous blood then enters the cavernous sinus, where it mixes with blood from other veins, including the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins. After mixing, the blood enters the venous network of the head and neck, and then into the inferior vena cava, which is one of the branches of the great internal vein.

The functions of the cavernous sinus include draining venous blood from the head and face, protecting the brain from infection and injury, regulating pressure in the skull, and protecting against infections. In addition, the cavernous sinus is an important site for the formation and functioning of lymphatic vessels, which help the body fight infections and tumors.

Disorders of the cavernous sinus can lead to various diseases, including thrombosis, inflammation and tumors. Some of them may be associated with impaired venous blood flow, which can lead to increased pressure in the head and neck, headaches and other symptoms.

The cavernous sinuses are one of the pairs of dural sinuses that communicate with each other and receive blood from the veins of the cerebrum and its membranes. Located at the base of the skull on the upper edge of the eye sockets in the region of the lateral fossa of the cerebrum; the place where the internal carotid artery enters the sinus. During X-ray examination, the area between the body of the sphenoid bone and the base of the skull is always characterized by increased shadow intensity. This is explained by the presence of two sinuses in the skull - the sphenoid, formed from the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses, and the pevesa magat (usually merging). The sinuses form an irregularly shaped expansion at the site of their confluence, inside which there is a cavernous thickening of the basilar membrane, choroid and cellular elements.

Cavernous thickening