Iliac Branch

The iliac branch is located in the small pelvis, comes from the base of the deep branch, crosses the round ligament, and goes posteriorly in the walls of the pelvic cavity, in the lateral wall of the vagina. The distance between the branches is about 8 mm; in the section, the distance between the veins is usually about 4 mm. In the area of ​​the lateral foramen between the left common iliac and internal iliac veins at the level of the crest pupart between the upper ureters and the constriction of the bladder there is a depression, so the posterior wall of the vagina is adjacent to the descending branch.

The iliac artery branch is one of the main branches of the abdominal cavity, begins in the posterior part of the abdominal wall and runs along the inner surface of the pelvis, covering three muscle groups at once. Its function is to supply blood to the lower limb through the femoral artery.

Important branches. The iliac branch itself, in addition to the functions already listed, can branch again. It is from it that the following areas grow: arterial branches that pass to the rectum; branches feeding the lower part of the ureter; a vein that supplies blood to the uterus in women; vessels that supply blood to the muscular walls of the bladder.

The iliac branch is one of the largest branches of the femoral artery. It departs from the branch of the arcuate iliation and goes to the sacrum. The branches of the iliac branch are:

- Inferior gluteal branch - with its help, blood supply occurs to the lower part of the gluteal muscle, the femoral body, the external muscular foramen, the levator testis muscle, the skin, and the small pelvis; - Transverse gluteal branch - supplies blood to the gluteus maximus muscle, cutaneous muscle and fascia lata of the thigh; - Deep supracranial branch - supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the abdominal wall, as well as the venous process; - Superior lateral sacral branch - supplies blood to the sacrum, skin, muscles, large intestine, penis and scrotum.