A polynucleotide

The role of nucleic acids in the life of organisms is well known. By their structure, cells recognize each other and control heredity, serving as a matrix for protein synthesis. Nucleic acids can serve as biological reporters, signaling specific circumstances. The “reporters” are organic molecules, i.e., the molecular level at which this occurs (I). In response to emerging signals, nucleic acids are released into the signaling system and receive commands from higher information organs. Such a command is, for example, an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions H+, which directly stimulates DNA polymerase. At this level, primary signaling is carried out according to the principle of necessity and sufficiency. Nucleic acids simply help cells create their own kind, while ensuring complete identity of the synthesized macromolecules (there is no need to talk about the identity of nucleotide units; 99.8% identical nucleotide matches is sufficient). Thus, nucleic acids serve as the only matrix only at the initial stage of the cell’s life cycle,

In non-cellular systems of the organic world, instead of a DNA matrix, structural polymers and (or) sets of oligomers act. The first example that is known is a virus. It is also a genetic system where the genetic material of the host cell (DNA or RNA) is used as a template, and all replicating fragments have an order characteristic only of the DNA sequence that served as the template. In this way, a system of replication of individual amino acids is created that promotes the self-reproduction of the infectious agent. Viruses are unique intracellular parasites created by scientists by nature 3 billion years ago. From the perspective of integrative genes and symbiosis phenomena, viruses turn out to be nothing more than “chemical dreams” created from many amino acids. Cytologens and tens of thousands of peptides. The study of biological systems has shown that polymers serve as templates not only for the synthesis of nucleic acid-like molecules, but also for the synthesis of almost all supramolecular systems that include polymer metabolites. For the first time, proteins played such a role in a protein cell: in the first case, they played the role of a matrix for ribosomal and other structural and functional units, in the second, they were a matrix in the formation of the lipids themselves in the form of myelin and other membrane-bound systems. A similar role was played by peptides such as trantilesine. It is also known that peptides are produced by cells and play the role of universal signaling molecules. The intensity of the latter also indicates that they used a number of polymeric and oligomeric components, assembled, like an enzyme by R. Remmers, into a single ribosomal matrix.

An equally important role is played by the synthetic protein ribosine matrix in the “edition” with the help of ribocomplexes, interfavias and the vacuolar system of a number of ribosimins, encoding the formation of a lysosome - the digestive system of a plant cell (K. Takechi). Finally, the intercellular matrix itself