Preoperative

Preoperative - preceding the operation; this term is applied either in relation to the patient’s condition or in relation to the therapeutic measures carried out at this time, such as the administration of sedatives to the patient.

The preoperative period begins from the moment when the decision is made about the need for surgical intervention, and ends immediately before the start of the operation. At this time, the patient undergoes an examination to assess his general health and readiness for surgery.

Main goals of the preoperative period:

1. Preparing the patient for surgery both physically and psychologically.

2. Reducing the risk of complications during and after surgery.

3. Ensuring quick and safe recovery after surgery.

During the preoperative period, the patient undergoes various examinations, such as blood tests, ECG, x-rays, etc. Preventive medications, diet, and physical therapy are also prescribed. Psychological preparation of the patient is carried out.

Thus, the preoperative stage is critical for the successful outcome of the operation and the patient's recovery.

The preoperative period is the time period preceding the operation. In this case, the term “preoperative” can refer both to the condition of the patient himself and to the therapeutic measures carried out at this time.

Before the operation, it is necessary to examine the patient to ensure his readiness for the operation and to avoid possible complications. During this period, the patient may be prescribed various therapeutic measures, such as the administration of sedatives, which will help him relax and reduce anxiety before the operation.

One of the important aspects of the preoperative period is preparing the patient for anesthesia. Anesthesia is a condition in which the patient loses sensitivity to pain and consciousness. Depending on the type of surgery and the general condition of the patient, different types of anesthesia may be used, such as general anesthesia, local anesthesia or combined anesthesia.

In addition, additional studies may be carried out during the preoperative period, for example, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, electrocardiography and others. These studies help determine the condition of the patient’s body and identify possible contraindications to surgery.

It is important to note that the preoperative period is not only preparation for the operation, but also an opportunity for the patient to ask questions and clarify all the nuances of the operation. Doctors and nurses should be prepared to answer any questions a patient may have in order to reduce anxiety and improve the quality of the operation.

In conclusion, the preoperative period is an important step before undergoing surgery. It allows you to prepare the patient for surgery, conduct all the necessary studies and prescribe treatment measures that will help reduce the risk of complications. In addition, this period gives the patient the opportunity to ask all his questions and receive detailed answers from the medical staff.

The preoperative period is the period that completes preoperative preparation. At the preoperative moment, an examination is carried out, the need and timing of the operation are established, preparations are made for the operation, the patient is delivered to the operating room (the latter usually refers to the period called “before leaving”). The anesthesiologist-resuscitator receives the most complete information about the patient’s condition before the planned operation . In the preoperative period, the results of all studies on the eve of the operation are carefully taken into account and analyzed. Considering that the main indicators of the patient’s condition can be obtained by examining the condition of the internal organs, it is important to perform a set of instrumental studies (ECHO CG, computed tomography of the lungs, ECG). Consultations with the attending physician are carried out, the head of the department to agree on the preoperative management plan for the patient. If necessary, concomitant pathology is stopped. If clinical blood and urine tests are obtained, it is advisable to monitor and