Proctosigmoiditis (Rgostosigmoiditis)

Proctosigmoiditis is an inflammation of the rectum and sigmoid (lower colon) colon.

The causes of proctosigmoiditis can be infections, exposure to toxins, radiation therapy, and intestinal ischemia. The most common pathogens are bacteria and viruses.

Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, and discharge of mucus and blood from the rectum. Diagnosis is based on stool analysis, colonoscopy, and radiography.

Treatment depends on the cause and may include antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and diet. Complications may include intestinal bleeding and intestinal perforation. In chronic cases, colorectal cancer may develop.

Prevention includes maintaining good hygiene, eating a healthy diet, and quitting smoking. If symptoms occur, it is important to consult a doctor promptly.

Proctosigmoiditis: Inflammation of the lower part of the colon

Proctosigmoiditis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by inflammation of the rectum and sigmoid colon. This condition is closely related to another common condition known as proctocolitis, or ulcerative colitis, although proctosigmoiditis is limited to inflammation of only the lower part of the colon.

Proctosigmoiditis usually occurs as a result of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the rectum and sigmoid colon. Although the exact cause of this inflammation is unknown, it is believed that autoimmune and genetic factors may play a role in the development of the disease. Some studies also point to the influence of environment and diet on the development of proctosigmoiditis.

The main symptoms of proctosigmoiditis are intestinal disturbances, including frequent diarrhea, a feeling of needing to have a bowel movement immediately, and blood in the stool. Lower abdominal pain, decreased appetite, and weight loss may also occur in some patients. Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and their severity may fluctuate over time.

The diagnosis of proctosigmoiditis is usually based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests such as stool tests and colonoscopy. A colonoscopy allows your doctor to look at the inside of your colon and take tissue samples for a biopsy.

Treatment of proctosigmoiditis depends on the severity and extent of inflammation. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and eliminate symptoms. Your doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs, such as aminosalicylates or steroids, to control inflammation. In some cases, immunomodulatory drugs or surgery may be required.

In addition to drug treatment, lifestyle and diet changes can also have a positive effect on proctosigmoiditis. Patients are advised to avoid foods that can increase inflammation, such as spicy and fatty foods, and to monitor their stress levels and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Overall, proctosigmoiditis is a chronic disease that requires long-term management and treatment. Prompt medical attention and adherence to treatment and lifestyle changes can help control inflammation and relieve symptoms of proctosigmoiditis.

It is important to note that this article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. If you suspect proctosigmoiditis or any other condition, seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and treatment recommendations.

**Proctosigmoiditis (proctosigmoiditis) -** inflammatory disease of the sigmoid-ascending part of the colon, i.e. section between the distal sigmoid colon and the apex of the appendix. When translated into Russian, the name of the disease is from Greek. - “rectum” or “dysentery”, but it comes from ancient Greek. “proctomayumoroscophilos” - lit. — “leaving traces”; in the “Literary Encyclopedic Dictionary” “procto-” - because of the obscene sound [1] [2], in BME - because of the violation of its functions.

The origin of the name is not entirely clear. According to one version, with the development of proctosigmoidid, constipation is the leading symptom, which does not have the best effect on the patient’s reputation. Intestinal gases can freely pass into the rectum and irritate its sensitive nerve endings. That is why the name of the disease, in my opinion, so inaccurately reflects the essence of what happened - it is closer to ischiasis or dysentery. Therefore, many people call this disease incorrectly, designating it as they call diarrhea - proctonos.

The variant called dolichosigmatid is also quite common; this name is used as the title of books about intestinal diseases, but this variant seems to me much less convenient than proctosigmatid. There are a lot of combinations of symbols in words, which, by the way, does not correspond to the rules of the Russian language. The correct pronunciation is "prokatosigminitis".

Previously, it was proposed to determine the border of the transition of the rectum into the sigmoid colon (6-15 cm from the anus) by touch, pinching the pu with the tip of tweezers