Pronation Synergistic Phenomenon

Pronation synergistic phenomenon (PSP) is the involuntary flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint during pronation. This phenomenon was first described in 1902 by Italian neurologist and physiologist Antonio Gallo-Massini.

In PSF, simultaneous flexion and pronation of the forearm occurs. This occurs because the muscles that are responsible for flexion and extension of the forearm are connected to the same muscles that are responsible for pronation and supination of the hand. Thus, when the forearm pronates, it simultaneously flexes.

This phenomenon is observed in pyramidal palsy, when the connection between the brain and muscles is disrupted. In this case, there is a violation of coordination of movements, including the PSF.

PSF can be useful in diagnosing pyramidal palsy because it involves simultaneous flexion and pronation of the arm. This phenomenon can also be useful for training the muscles responsible for coordinating movements.

However, PSF can also occur in healthy people, especially those who play sports or dance. In this case, PSF is the result of muscle training and coordination of movements.

Synkinesis is an involuntary movement that accompanies voluntary muscle contraction. This article studies the phenomenon of pronation of the forearms during flexion. This phenomenon is a type of synkinesis phenomenon. The cause of synkinesis is the increased irradiation of excitation during contraction of certain muscles. The leading role in the occurrence of synkinesion with this type of pronation may belong to the additional motor zone of the cerebral cortex, which is also enhanced by increased sensitivity in the forearm. Having studied the literature related to the topic of synkinesis, I found that there are different types of synkinesins that arise in various disorders of the motor cortex, depending on the location of the movement control zone. Pronation synergetic phenomena are not tied to a specific pathological condition and are a manifestation of the universal phenomenon of the influence of one movement on another.

It was also noted from literary sources that synkinesis is actively studied by the scientific community and used in medicine. So synkinesis is pharmacological in nature and pharmacists study it. Both structural disorders of the human body and brain diseases play an important role in the development of synkinesis - various parts of the body and the person may not be synchronized with certain body movements. As a result, a part of the body may move faster or slower than another part, which can upset the balance of the body.