Pycnosis

Pyknosis is a condition in which changes occur in the cells of the body, leading to a decrease in their size and a decrease in functional activity. This can be caused by various factors such as genetic mutations, metabolic disorders, exposure to toxic substances, etc.

With pyknosis, the cells become dense, their nucleus decreases in size, and the cytoplasm decreases in volume. This leads to cells losing the ability to divide, synthesize proteins and other important processes.

One of the most common manifestations of pyknosis is pyknotic nuclear envelope (PNO), which is characterized by a decrease in the size of the nucleus and thickening of its nuclear envelope. PNO can occur in various diseases such as cancer, liver cirrhosis, viral infections and others.

Various methods are used to diagnose pyknosis, including microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and molecular genetic studies. Treatment for pyknosis depends on the cause and may include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other treatments.

In general, pyknosis is a serious disease that requires timely identification and treatment.