Accommodation Reaction, Convergence Reaction

The accommodation response and the convergence response are two interrelated reflexes that allow the eyes to focus on objects located at different distances.

The accommodation reaction is a constriction of the pupils and a change in the curvature of the lens when the gaze is transferred from a distant object to a nearby one. This allows you to clearly see objects both far and near.

The convergent reaction consists of bringing the axes of the eyes closer to each other when looking at a close object. This provides binocular vision and allows both eyes to focus on an object.

Thus, the accommodation and convergence responses work together to provide clear vision of objects at any distance. Constriction of the pupils increases depth of field, and convergence of the axes of the eyes provides binocular vision. These reflexes coordinate the work of the eye muscles and the lens, making human vision a universal tool for both distance and near.

For each of us, a familiar and familiar image is also an object in our surrounding world. First, we pay attention to the general features, and then we name some distinctive details, for example, color.

The differences between the two responses are noticeable in that accommodation causes the eyes to be positioned to see the target most clearly, while convergence directs the eyes to the most important object.

Let's consider what the accommodative reaction is. It involves changing the curvature of the lens of the eye to focus the image on the retina. This occurs as a result of contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle, accompanied by elongation of the lens. The eye becomes flatter - takes shape up close, the image becomes clearer. Another effect of the response is to maintain a relaxed shape of the visual axis. If we move our gaze closer to an object, the accommodative muscles take over and engage the ocular muscles of the neck, trying to maintain the distance between the eyes and the object by one focus. Therefore, the head often tilts back. Focusing at short distances is also improved.

The laws of optics say that the closer objects are located in the form of a virtual picture, the more the rays from them are distorted and the more difficult it is to process the signal from these objects. During the accommodation reaction, the shape of the lens changes and therefore light rays from nearby objects easily pass to the retina, and the eye sees everything clearly.

It often happens that we use a similar reaction especially often to achieve the goal of an activity in the form of reading a book or watching something in front of us. And here there is a clear example of a convergent response. But if the action occurs for different reasons of perception, there is no need for each eye to act harshly, making the gaze very dense and hard. He himself works well and turns out clearly. So, convergent