Respiratory Disease Acute

Respiratory Disease Acute: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Acute respiratory disease (ARI), also known as acute respiratory tract catarrh, is a common disease affecting the upper and lower respiratory tract. Acute respiratory infections are usually caused by viruses such as rhinovirus, adenovirus, influenza viruses and others. Although it can appear at any time of the year, acute respiratory infections are most common during the colder months.

Symptoms of acute respiratory infections can vary depending on the patient and the severity of the disease, but the most common symptoms include runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, sore throat, cough, headache, fever, fatigue and general weakness. In some cases, an acute respiratory infection can lead to complications such as sinusitis, bronchitis or pneumonia, especially in people with weakened immune systems or chronic diseases.

Acute respiratory infections are transmitted through airborne droplets, especially when coughing, sneezing or talking to an infected person. It can also spread through contact with infected surfaces, such as hands or objects touched by an infected person. Therefore, following hygiene measures such as regular hand washing, using disposable tissues when coughing or sneezing, and avoiding close contact with sick people can help prevent the spread of acute respiratory infections.

Treatment for acute respiratory infections usually focuses on relieving symptoms and strengthening the immune system to fight infection. It is recommended to rest, drink enough fluids, eat nutritious foods, and avoid activities that may worsen symptoms, such as smoking or second-hand smoke. To relieve nasal congestion, you can use topical vasoconstrictors or use steam inhalation. A sore throat can be relieved by gargling with a warm saline solution or using painkillers in the form of lozenges or sprays.

In cases where an acute respiratory infection leads to complications or worsening of the condition, consultation with a doctor may be required. The doctor may prescribe antibiotics if a bacterial infection joins the acute respiratory infection. However, it should be remembered that acute respiratory infections are usually caused by viruses, and antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Therefore, antibiotics should not be used unless prescribed by a doctor to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

Prevention of acute respiratory infections includes regularly washing your hands with soap or using hand sanitizer, avoiding close contact with sick people, especially during epidemics, and practicing hygienic coughing and sneezing by covering your mouth and nose with your elbow or a disposable tissue. It is also recommended to maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet and adequate sleep to keep your immune system in good shape.

In conclusion, acute respiratory illness (ARI) is a common disease caused by viruses that infect the upper and lower respiratory tract. Symptoms can vary but include runny nose, cough, sore throat and general weakness. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and strengthening the immune system. Preventative measures such as hand washing, avoiding close contact with sick people, and practicing good hygiene practices can help prevent the spread of acute respiratory infections.