Rhinoscleroma

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic infectious disease characterized by the formation of specific nodules on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Over time, these nodules begin to thicken and lead to deformation of the nasal passages.

Rhinoscleroma is caused by a bacterial infection caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. This bacterium enters the human body by airborne droplets and causes an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the nose and nasopharynx, which over time develops into a granulomatous process with the formation of characteristic nodules.

Initial symptoms of rhinoscleroma include nasal congestion, nasal discharge, and bleeding. As the disease progresses, pain and difficulty in nasal breathing appear, and the sense of smell is impaired. Upon examination, specific bumpy growths on the nasal mucosa are visible.

Diagnosis is based on the clinical picture, endoscopy data and histological examination of biopsy specimens. Treatment includes long-term use of antibiotics, and in some cases surgery may be required. The prognosis with timely treatment is favorable. Preventive measures include maintaining good personal hygiene.

Rhinoscleroma is a rare disease, more common in tropical and subtropical regions. Timely diagnosis and treatment prevent the development of severe complications and disability of patients.

Rhinoscleroma (from ancient Greek ῥίς, genus ῥινός - nose and σκληρός - hard, hard, rough; synonym: scleroma, rhinoscleroma) is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease characterized by the formation of nodules (granulomas) on the nasal mucosa , nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses.

Rhinoscleroma is caused by a specific pathogen - an acid-fast bacillus (Frisch-Volkovich bacillus). In some cases, rhinoscleroma is caused by other microorganisms.

The incubation period of the disease ranges from 2 to 6 weeks.

Clinical manifestations:

– rhinoscleromas are manifested by pain in the nose, face, headache, malaise, fever, chills, rhinitis, nasal congestion, purulent discharge from the nose.
– When examining the nasal cavity, infiltrates are determined, located mainly in the anterior sections of the nasal cavity, in the form of nodules the size of a millet grain to a pea, with uneven, bumpy contours, fused with the surrounding tissues.

Treatment of rhinoscleroma

Complex treatment includes the use of antibiotics, corticosteroid hormones, and surgery.

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic infectious inflammatory process that affects the tissues of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The disease lasts a long time, forming noticeable plaques that resemble small nodular plaques in appearance.

The course of the disease in modern medicine is divided into several stages. The primary stage is caused by the introduction of pathogenic bacteria into the body; at this stage, symptoms are minimal and limited to nasal congestion and runny nose. Once the disease begins, it develops very quickly - a person will notice the first symptoms after just 2 weeks. And from this moment the infection actively spreads throughout the body. The pathology is provoked by a change in the condition of epithelial tissues; initially, the infection affects the mucous membrane in the nasal area and the paranasal sinuses. The consequence is swelling, the process of cell degeneration causes the growth of small tubercles, degenerated into dense plaques. In addition to these areas, the lungs, nasal septum, and lymph nodes may be affected. Microbes secreted by botulinum rods provoke the formation of a dense white crust that clogs some of the passages. The general condition worsens, which is manifested by intoxication and the appearance of severe headaches. The source of inflammation is often hidden under the nose, the patient complains only of unilateral symptoms and pain in the nose. With the transition of the disease to the infiltrative form, the disease spreads to the tissues of the septum, nasal cavity, epiglottis,