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Lesser omentum The omentum (Latin omentum, Greek - omentum, covering), lesser omentum (Latin plica omentalis), mesentery of the omental bursa (Latin mesenterium omeri) is a small formation that covers the transition of the mesogastrium to the jejunum on both sides of the esophagus. This small organ secretes a serous fluid with weak bactericidal properties, which is commonly called the omentum. This fluid plays an important role in the barrier protection of the descending duodenum, stomach and other abdominal organs from the aggressive influence of the contents of the duodenum. The omentum produces substances that protect these digestive organs, and its improper functioning can lead to the development of various diseases.

Normally, the greater omentum forms a longitudinal fold of the peritoneum, which covers part of the jejunum in the form of pendants, attaching to the posterior wall of its intestine with the help of muscle and connective tissue fibers. It is firmly fused with the anterior wall of the duodenum. Several omentums are connected to each other by transverse folds of the peritoneum - mesenteries. They provide innervation and blood supply to the sac in which the sac is located; in addition, it performs a protective function, which is especially important for the intestines during the decomposition of food. Also, a septum is formed between the parietal peritoneum and the fecal sac, limiting the psoas major muscle. - The lesser omentum is formed from the terminal part of the psoas major muscle. It and the mesenteries do not cover the entire lower part of the abdominal aorta - it is absent at the level of the inguinal region. The lesser omentum passes from top to bottom behind the anterior surface of the duodenum, ileum and colon. It also separates the parietal peritoneum from the loops of the small and large intestines on the right and left. On the left side it represents the pelvic tissue anteromedially, and on the right side the tendon of the diaphragm emerges. The exit point of the joint lies in the medial rectus abdominis muscle, where it bifurcates. In addition, underneath it are the descending colon and external iliac vessels and branches.