Sanitary Protection Zone

A sanitary protection zone is an area separating an industrial enterprise located in a populated area from nearby residential buildings or public buildings in order to reduce the impact of noise, industrial emissions and other unfavorable factors on the population. The dimensions of the sanitary protection zone for various types of enterprises are established by sanitary legislation.

A sanitary protection zone is created around enterprises and facilities that are sources of impact on the environment and human health. The main impact factors are: increased noise levels, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, radiation pollution, pollution of atmospheric air, soil and water bodies.

The size of the sanitary protection zone depends on the hazard class of the enterprise and production capacity. The higher the hazard class and the greater the power, the larger the zone should be. The minimum width of the sanitary protection zone according to the standards is 50 m, the maximum is 1000 m.

It is prohibited to place residential buildings, children's and medical institutions within the sanitary protection zone. It is allowed to place warehouses, garages, wastewater treatment plants, and fire stations. Green spaces are also being planted in the zone to reduce harmful emissions.

A sanitary protection zone (SPZ) is understood as a zone of varying area, the size of which depends on the sphere of influence of sources of environmental pollution. SVZ can be created for the installation of such facilities as nuclear power plants, chemical plants, metallurgical plants that have significant environmental damage. In addition to industrial zones, the SVZ is being created around port oil pipelines, airfields, and radioactive waste storage facilities. Such zones are given a special status, including restrictions on construction, use of land, landscaping, and the possibility of creating infrastructure.

The Sanitary Environmental Zone is a specially designed territory that performs the function of protecting the population from the effects of harmful objects. The sanitary protection zone is used to ensure environmental safety of production. According to the standards SP 42.1333