Selection Radiation

Radiation selection (radiation-induced) is a selection method based on the use of ionizing radiation to obtain mutations in microorganisms and their subsequent selection according to phenotypic characteristics.

Radiation is used to create mutations, and then individuals with the desired traits are selected. This method is used in the selection of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, enzymes, vitamins, organic acids, alcohols, amino acids and other biologically active substances.

Radiation selection uses various radiation sources such as X-rays, gamma rays and protons. Radiation is usually used in low doses to cause minor mutations that can be selected for using traditional breeding methods.

The radiation selection process includes the following stages:

1. Obtaining a microorganism culture.
2. Treatment of culture with radiation.
3. Selection and reproduction of selected individuals.
4. Repeat the process until the desired result is achieved.

Although radiation selection is an effective method for producing desired mutations, it can also lead to undesirable effects, such as the production of radiation mutations that do not meet the goals of selection and can lead to loss of viability of the organism. Therefore, radiation selection must be carried out with caution and only in cases where it is justified from the point of view of selection goals.

Radiation selection is an important tool in the selection of microorganisms. It is used to create bacteria that are resistant to radiation and capable of performing complex biochemical reactions. It is an important area of ​​research in microbiology and is necessary for solving many scientific problems.

The history of selection began in the 19th century. Then microorganisms were first described as living organisms that can be studied under a microscope and propagated in culture. In 1904, radiation was studied as a selective agent. Robert Hamerling discovered that radiation can cause genetic changes in some microorganisms. Subsequently, other researchers found that some bacteria not only survived irradiation, but also became more productive. Selective radiation was called chemical mutation and was seen as the main means for creating new strains of bacteria and even genes.

Currently, radiation selection is widely used to study the mechanisms of genetic changes and the effects of radiation on living organisms. One important aspect of radiation selection is the ability to create new strains of microbes with specific properties. This selection method is of great importance for creating producer strains that help in the production of biological industry products such as enzymes, antibiotics, vitamins and much more. For this purpose, both natural genetic sources and genetic technologies (genetic engineering) are used, with