Aging Demographic

Demographic aging

The concept of **demographic aging** of the population can be defined as the process of changing the age structure towards an increase in the proportion of older people and a decrease in the proportion of children and youth compared to the proportion of the adult population. Population aging is expressed not only in an increase in the proportion of elderly and senile people, but also in a slowdown in reproduction and a reduction in the total population due to the excess of mortality over the birth rate and the deterioration of the age structure throughout the entire working period of the population's life. The state of population aging affects the country's economy, since the older population has different needs and demands compared to the younger population, this is accompanied by a change in the structure of the use of public labor, an increase in social budget expenditures, and requires additional costs for the payment of pensions and benefits. In aging societies, the costs of serving age groups (financing nursing homes, health care and education systems) are increasing. According to the UN, the population of most developed countries is “aging”, or in every seventh country the proportion of people over 60 years of age exceeds 15% of the total population. A particularly unfavorable situation has developed in many countries in Asia and Africa: