Transcription

Transcription (from Latin transcriptio - rewriting; synonym - primary action of a gene) in biology is the process of synthesizing an RNA molecule on a DNA template using the enzyme RNA polymerase. This is one of the stages in the implementation of genetic information contained in the DNA nucleotide sequence.

During transcription, genetic information is transferred from a section of DNA containing a gene to mRNA. The resulting mRNA is subsequently used by ribosomes for protein synthesis during translation.

Thus, transcription is a key process that allows the implementation of hereditary information encoded in the genome. It is the first stage of gene expression, which results in the formation of RNA, which carries information about the structure of the protein.

Transcription. The concept of transcription is one of the basic concepts in genetics. It links the morphological genome and genome genes at the RNA level. In simple terms, a transcript is a strict copy of DNA (plus it may contain introns). However, the biological role of transcription is not limited to this. The transcript performs two very important functions:

1) functions as a template enzyme for the synthesis of a number of nucleotides according to strict rules of alternative synthesis (translysine, mRNA, tRNA), strictly following the clear order of arrangement of nucleotide bases in the synthesized sequence. In other words, every codon is transcribed. Alternative synthesis is carried out with the participation of special RNA polymerase enzymes. As all mRNAs are synthesized, maturation begins - removal of introns and some internal rearrangements of mRNA. Most of the processing