Transplant Orthotopic

An orthotopic transplant (from ancient Greek ὀρθός “straight, correct” + τόπος “place”) is an organ or tissue transplanted into the same part of the body from which it was removed (for example, human skin tissue transplanted onto pig skin).

Orthotopic grafts can be used to restore various organs and tissues. For example, an orthotopic kidney transplant uses an organ that has been removed from the patient's body and is transplanted in place of the patient's own kidney. This allows you to preserve organ function and reduce the risk of rejection.

One of the main advantages of orthotopic grafts is their ability to regenerate and restore function. However, they also have their disadvantages, such as the complexity of the procedure and the possibility of complications.

Overall, orthotopic grafts are an important tool in medicine and can improve the quality of life of patients suffering from various diseases.

Introduction: Organ transplantation is a procedure in which a patient's healthy organs or tissues are replaced with a diseased organ or tissue. It is used in cases where other treatments do not work and the patient's life is in danger. One type of organ transplant is an orthortopic transplant, which is used to replace a liver or kidney. It has high efficacy and low complication rates. In this article we will look at organ transplantation, as well as its features and applications.

Definition:

Orthotopic transplantation (ortho-transplantation) is an operation to transplant an organ or tissue into a recipient to restore its function and avoid immune rejection by the recipient's body.

Organ and tissue transplantation is a procedure in which the organs or tissues of a living person are replaced with parts of the body of another person or animal. Transplantation is one of the most significant achievements of modern medicine, but at the same time it raises many ethical, legal and medical questions. One important aspect of transplantation is the selection of a suitable donor organ.

Transplants can be obtained from many species of animals, including pigs, cows, dogs, cats, etc. The use of animals as donors has its own ethical and legal implications, especially in light of criticism of animal life and its supposed difference from human life. Animals generally do not have the same rights as humans and are considered to “belong” to their owners. This distinction can be mitigated if animal bioethics or "reciprocal liberalism" ("res cogitans animalis", according to the principles of intellectual freedom) is used, which assumes that animals should be considered as sentient beings and have corresponding status for rights. Using human cells to create new tissues is an ethically controversial issue. The main argument is that the use of human cells is contrary to human dignity and limits human rights. There are opinions that supporting animals for scientific purposes is also possible, provided that the welfare of the animals is involved and not the manipulation of free animals. An alternative to using human cells is to use genetically modified bacteria and algae as sources of organic materials.

Orthotopic transplantation. Currently, new methods of human tissue transplantation (artificial heart, liver, pancreas, etc.) are being developed to expand the possibilities of transplanting a patient’s organs or obtaining spare parts for an organ from an identical twin. However, until now it has not found widespread use due to the high need for scarce organs and tissues, since most people with diseases of parenchymal organs (liver, kidneys, heart) are on the verge of survival and die without waiting for a transplant. In order to reduce the need for organs for patients, a method is being developed when the same organ of the patient himself is used as a donor organ (organ to organ), called orthotopic (conjugate) transplantation.