Thrombocytopathy

Thrombocytopathy: understanding and main aspects

Thrombocytopathy, also known as platelet dysfunction, is a condition in which platelets—the blood cells responsible for blood clotting—do not function properly. This can lead to blood clotting disorders, which can have serious consequences for the patient's health.

The definition of thrombocytopathy includes two main components: platelet level and platelet functionality. A normal platelet count is approximately 150,000–450,000 cells per microliter of blood. However, with thrombocytopathy, this level may be reduced.

Thrombocytopathy can have various causes. Some cases of thrombocytopathy may be hereditary, involving genetic mutations that affect the structure or function of platelets. Other cases may be acquired, caused by various factors such as medications, autoimmune diseases, infections or liver disease.

Symptoms of thrombocytopathy can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the causes that cause it. Some patients may experience involuntary bleeding from the gums, nose, or other areas, as well as bruising or spots on the skin. In more serious cases of thrombocytopathy, bleeding may occur even with minor trauma or for no apparent reason.

To diagnose thrombocytopathy, it is important to conduct a comprehensive examination of the patient. This may include a blood test to determine your platelet levels, as well as specialized tests to evaluate platelet function. If thrombocytopathy is detected, it is necessary to determine the cause of the condition in order to develop the most effective treatment plan.

Treatment for thrombocytopathy depends on its cause and severity. In some cases, you may need to treat the underlying condition or stop using certain medications. In other cases, therapeutic methods may be used to improve platelet function or increase platelet count. This may include medications, platelet transfusions, or procedures such as plasmapheresis.

In conclusion, thrombocytopathy is a condition in which platelets do not function properly, which can lead to blood clotting disorders. Diagnosis and treatment of thrombocytopathy require a comprehensive approach to the patient and determination of the causes of the condition. Early diagnosis and timely treatment play an important role in managing thrombocytopathy and preventing complications.

Platelets are anucleate blood cells that are flat, stain well with special dyes and are detected in blood smears using light microscopy. They are classified as small platelets of peripheral blood. The main function of platelets is to participate in stopping bleeding after damage to the vessel wall. Together with red blood cells, they make up about half the volume of whole human blood. The total mass of native platelets is on average 300 mg (five times less than the mass of red blood cells circulating in the body). Due to the three fractions of platelets, their diameter ranges from 2 to 12 microns. The mass of platelets (3-4 ng) is approximately 45 times less than the mass of erythrocytes and 8 times more than the mass of leukocytes. Such a large number of platelets is due to the fact that the formation of one unit of platelet from stem cells takes about 15 days, and one unit of erythrocyte - only two to three days. Most platelets circulate in a bound form - they form blood clots, but their number is significantly less than the red blood cells involved in the continuous renewal of plasma. After complete destruction, about 50-60% of red blood cells by mass and only 0.1-0.5% of platelets remain in the blood. This is explained by the rate of platelet breakdown: the rate of destruction is about an hour. Due to the constant change of these forms of blood, platelets almost always appear as large, mature, mature, degenerative or smaller particles. The duration of platelet existence does not exceed 7-11 days. Renewal of platelet cells per day is ensured