Ureters

Ureters: key organs of the urinary system

The human body has a complex system that is responsible for removing waste and harmful substances that accumulate inside the body. This system, known as the urinary system, consists of several organs and ducts that play an important role in maintaining homeostasis. One of the key organs of this system is the ureters.

The ureters are the initial link of the urinary system and perform the function of transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Each person has two ureters, each of which connects the corresponding kidney to the bladder. The length of the ureters is approximately 25-30 cm.

Structurally, the ureters consist of two layers. The inner surface of the ureters is covered with a mucous layer, which protects them from irritation and provides a smooth surface for the movement of urine. The outer layer consists of smooth muscle tissue that allows the ureters to contract and create peristaltic movements. These movements help move urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

The upper end of each ureter is a continuation of the renal pelvis, which is the collecting space for urine produced by the kidneys. The lower end of the ureter connects to the bladder, where urine is stored before being removed from the body.

The functions of the ureters include transporting urine, maintaining urine flow, and preventing urine from flowing back from the bladder back into the kidneys. The ureters have special valves that open and close to control the flow of urine and prevent backflow. This is important to prevent congestion and protect the kidneys from backflow of urine, which can cause infections and other problems.

When the function of the ureters is impaired, various diseases and conditions can occur. Some of them include urolithiasis, urinary tract inflammation, kidney prolapse and others. Diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are carried out by urologists who specialize in diseases of the urinary system.

In conclusion, the ureters play an important role in the body's urinary system. They transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder and protect the kidneys from urine backflow. Understanding the anatomy and function of the ureters helps in the evaluation and treatment of urinary tract diseases and emphasizes the importance of maintaining their normal function to the overall health of the body.