Vein Jugular Internal

Internal jugular vein: Anatomy and functions

The internal jugular vein (lat. vena jugularis interna) is one of the important structures related to the venous system of the upper thoracic cavity. It plays an important role in the venous drainage of blood from the head and neck, ensuring effective blood circulation in this area of ​​the body.

Anatomy:
The internal jugular vein runs inside the neck, starting from the base of the skull and continuing below until it flows into the subclavian vein. It is located next to the internal jugular artery and is separated from it by thin ligaments and muscles. The venous system of the neck also includes the external jugular veins, which are located more superficially and receive blood from the face and neck.

Functions:
The internal jugular vein performs several important functions in the body:

1. Venous drainage of the head and neck: One of the main functions of the internal jugular vein is the collection of venous blood from the head and neck and its subsequent drainage. It collects blood from the brain, face, neck muscles and other structures in that area of ​​the body and sends it back to the heart.

2. Drainage of the brain: The internal jugular vein also plays an important role in draining venous blood from the brain. It collects blood, enriched with waste metabolic products and carbon monoxide, and sends it back into the circulation system for further purification and oxygenation.

3. Transport of hormones and other substances: The internal jugular vein serves to transport hormones, nutrients and other important substances in the body. It allows the movement of hormones necessary for the normal functioning of organs and systems, and facilitates their delivery to target places in the body.

4. Involvement in Medical Procedures: The internal jugular vein is sometimes used in medical procedures. Due to its relatively large diameter and accessibility, it can be used for intravenous administration of drugs and fluids, as well as for monitoring central venous pressure.

In conclusion, the internal jugular vein is an important structure in the venous system of the head and neck. It provides effective venous outflow and drainage of the brain, as well as the transport of hormones and other substances in the body. Understanding the anatomy and functions of this vein is of great importance for medical practice and diagnostics.