Vernier

Vernier (Vernier) is an instrument consisting of two scales that can move relative to each other. It is used to accurately measure length and other physical quantities. Verniers can have different measurement accuracy, from 0.1 to 0.001 mm.

The main vernier scale has graduations in larger units, and the moving scale has graduations that are nine times smaller. This allows you to obtain a more accurate scale for measuring small quantities.

The vernier scale is adjusted using a special screw, which changes the position of the stroke on the moving scale. The vernier reading is defined as the distance between a stroke on the moving scale and the nearest stroke on the main scale that corresponds to the same value.

The use of verniers allows you to obtain more accurate measurements, especially in cases where it is necessary to measure small quantities with high accuracy. For example, when measuring the length of an object or the distance between objects, verniers provide a more accurate reading than using conventional measuring instruments.

A vernier is a device that is an indispensable assistant in measuring length and other physical quantities with high accuracy. It was invented in 1737 by the French scientist Jean Pitot de Saint-Felix, and has since become widely used in various fields of science and technology.

The operating principle of the vernier is based on the use of two scales - a fixed graduated main scale and a moving vernier scale. The main scale has a fixed graduation, and the vernier scale can be moved along it using a special screw.

Adjusting the vernier scale is done by moving the screw until the stroke on the vernier scale matches one of the strokes on the main scale, which are the same length. The vernier reading is between the two lines on the main scale closest to the line on the vernier scale.

The accuracy of measuring length using a vernier depends on the scale length of the main scale and the vernier scale pitch. For example, if the main scale has a pitch of 1 mm and the vernier scale has a pitch of 0.9 mm, then the measurement accuracy will be 0.1 mm.

One of the main advantages of using a vernier is its high accuracy in measuring length, which allows for more accurate scientific research and technical calculations. In addition, verniers are often used in measuring instruments to measure speed, acceleration, rotation angle and other parameters.

In conclusion, vernier is an important tool for measuring length and other physical parameters with high accuracy, and its use is becoming more common in many fields of science and industry.

Introduction

The idea of ​​​​creating and introducing a device called “Vernier” appeared back in the 16th century, when a French scientist named Pierre Verrier came up with the idea of ​​​​introducing a scale for measuring length, in which each division would be exactly 9 times smaller than the previous one. The idea was considered convenient and easy to use, which made it possible to accurately measure length. However, the creation of this device remained an unresolved issue for a long time, since only at the end of the 20th century it was possible to develop and introduce it into the scientific research environment. Vernier was named after the French mathematician and physicist Pierre Vernier and became an integral part of measurement technology, allowing accurate measurements to be obtained with a high degree of reliability.

Basic principles of operation of the Vernier device

At the heart of the vernier device is a graduated main scale, inside which the movement of a movable scale, called the "vernier", is carried out. Each division on the moving scale is one time smaller than on the main one, and the total error is no more than one tenth of the measured value. The instrument is used to obtain accurate measurements of the length of various objects, such as metal rods or

Verniers (from the French verniere - “dash”) are widely used on the scales of measuring instruments, some of which are interchangeable. They are a transparent ruler with several divisions installed on it (single, multiple or longitudinal), which can be fixed and used to measure the width, length and depth of parts, tolerances, marks, markings and other parameters. The principle of operation is simple - a longitudinal line with a number of equal marks is applied to the glass, moving the block relative to the drawing, the pointer is fixed in increments of 4 mm, 30 equal divisions are obtained. This number is equal to the number of divisions of the measuring scale (M), but the latter are always multiples of 90. The lengths of the scales are chosen rounded (fractions of a millimeter). For example, 5 ± 0.2 or 48 ± 1.