Excitation Postsynaptic

Postsynaptic excitation is a process in which a change in the membrane potential of postsynaptic membranes occurs when mediators act on them. This process is an important step in the transmission of nerve impulses in the nervous system and can lead to various physiological and behavioral responses.

Excitation of the postsynaptic begins when the transmitter released by the presynaptic membrane reaches the postsynaptic membrane. In this case, the mediator interacts with the receptors of the postsynaptic membrane, which leads to a change in its electrical state.

One of the main mechanisms of excitation of the postsynaptic membrane is a change in its membrane potential (V). This is due to the fact that when the mediator interacts with the receptor, the permeability of the postsynaptic membrane for sodium ions (Na+) decreases and the permeability for potassium ions (K+) increases. This leads to a decrease in the negative charge on the postsynaptic membrane, which in turn increases its membrane potential.

In addition, excitation of the postsynaptic membrane can lead to the activation of various ion channels and receptors, which can cause various physiological responses. For example, activation of glutamate receptors can cause an increase in the excitability of the postsynaptic cell, and activation of norepinephrine receptors can lead to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

Thus, excitation of the postsynaptic membrane plays an important role in the transmission of nerve impulses and the regulation of various physiological processes in the body. Understanding the mechanisms of excitation of the postsynaptic membrane is of practical importance for the study and treatment of various diseases of the nervous system.

Postsynaptic excitation - V., postulated at the beginning of the 20th century, describing a phenomenon that occurs when an excitatory peptide acts on the postsynaptic membrane and leads to a decrease in its membrane potential due to the rapid flow of ionic (mainly positively charged) particles

Studying the nature of phenomena is one of the difficult tasks of physiology. This especially applies to excitations, since, unlike inhibition, their mechanism has not been fully deciphered. For example, to this day the question of the nature of “local excitation” caused by certain weak impulses in the zone of synaptic contact is still controversial.

Like other types of V. (initial, cumulative, lateral), excitation can be structural and functional. In structural inflammation, an excitation wave occurs in the undamaged area of ​​the neuron, similar to the excitation wave in healthy tissue. In this case, we can only talk about the difficulty of excitation passing through it. Functional arousal, with the exception of arousal, creating