Eyebrow wrinkles plastic surgery

In the last issue of our magazine, we touched upon one of the most pressing problems of all women - the problem of fighting wrinkles. Let us remember that the article was about methods for correcting wrinkles using non-surgical cosmetology. Now we will introduce you to the main methods of fighting time that cosmetic surgery can offer women.

Wrinkle and wrinkle are different

The first wrinkles can appear very early, first on the forehead or in the corners of the eyes. This is not yet withering of the skin, but simply a consequence of the activity of facial muscles - the habit of wrinkling the forehead or squinting the eyes.

With age, the soft tissues of the face, due to various reasons, including the effect of gravity (from the Latin gravitas - heaviness), sag, become sour, and subcutaneous fat tissue is redistributed. At the same time, the contour of the face and neck is disrupted, eyebrows and eyelids begin to droop, the corners of the mouth droop and folds form. It is these complex changes that are an indication for contacting cosmetic surgeons. Cosmetic surgery today offers many ways to combat wrinkles, let's get acquainted with some of them.

Lifting

Word "lifting" comes from the English to lift - to lift or pull up. That is, lifting is the same skin tightening that you can read about in advertising or hear from friends. Lifting is the elimination of wrinkles and folds as a result of skin tension and removal of excess skin.

There are various lifting options. Their choice depends on the changes that the patient has, her requirements and expectations, and the surgeon’s opinion. When performing these operations, the surgeon makes skin incisions - in the scalp, and natural folds of the skin, in front and behind the auricle, that is, where they will be least noticeable.

A facelift can be full And limited. Wrinkles and folds of the cheeks, temples and neck are completely eliminated. For limited lifting, “excess” skin is removed from the temporal or cheek areas.

It is also possible to tighten deeper tissues - the superficial muscular aponeurotic system of the face (or abbreviated SMAS, in English it sounds like superficial mascula aponeurotic sustem), which can significantly improve the contour of the face.

A facelift may be accompanied by correction of subcutaneous fat; liposuction, that is, removal of fat, often in the chin area; and, conversely, lipofoling - the introduction of fat grafts to areas where they are lacking.

In recent years, they have become increasingly popular endoscopic methods lifts, in which the operation is performed through small incisions in the skin using special fiber optics. Optical magnification allows you to see the surgical area in more detail and allows for precise muscle dissection to eliminate forehead wrinkles and lift eyebrows. Endoscopic surgery is characterized by less trauma and, therefore, a shorter recovery period. This type of operation is especially indicated for women with thin, sparse hair who will not be able to hide a scar, albeit small.

Lifts are often performed under general anesthesia. Any aesthetic operation is accompanied by a postoperative period and requires a certain patience from the patient. The severity of swelling and bruising depends on the individual characteristics and complexity of the operation. Carrying out physiotherapeutic procedures, massage and drug treatment can shorten the postoperative period.

Lifting not only eliminates signs of aging, but also prevents their occurrence. The result obtained lasts for 7-10 years, and sometimes longer. Carrying out maintenance procedures with cosmetologists-dermatologists and good cosmetic care will certainly prolong the result.

Lifting is often performed on women after 40-50 years of age, sometimes earlier, when patients are highly demanding of their appearance.

Blepharoplasty

The most vulnerable part of the face is the eyelids, and it is problems associated with this area that first bring women to cosmetic surgeons. Surgical methods for correcting wrinkles in the eyelid area include blepharoplasty (from blepharon - eyelid> or aesthetic eyelid surgery. This method helps eliminate excess overhanging eyelid skin - “bags” and age-related wrinkles under the eyes. The presence of expression wrinkles in the area of ​​the corners of the eyes (crow’s feet ") is not an indication for performing this operation. There are practically no age restrictions for blepharoplasty. The most common candidates for surgery are women aged 35-60 years. If “heavy eyelids” is a hereditary trait, surgical intervention is permissible even at older ages. at an early age.

The operation consists of excision of so-called hernias - excess skin and tissue - and is performed under local anesthesia. During the operation, it is possible to correct the corners of the eyes and eyebrows - to raise them, and also to reduce the depth of wrinkles in the area of ​​​​the outer corners of the eyes using myotomy - cutting the muscles in order to weaken them and, therefore, straighten the skin located above the muscles.

For upper eyelid surgery, the incision is made along the natural fold of the skin; for lower eyelid surgery, the incision is made along the ciliary edge of the eyelid. Subsequently, after 1 - 2 months, the postoperative scar becomes invisible.

Through the same incision, it is possible to lift the tissues of the zygomatic and infraorbital areas of the face and increase their volume at the request of the client.

Operations on the upper eyelids can be done as many times as desired. Repeated operations on the lower eyelids are performed strictly for medical reasons.

Blepharoplasty is a less extensive operation than lifting, so most of the swelling goes away in 4-5 days.

The preliminary result of blepharoplasty can be assessed within 1-2 weeks after the operation, while the final result can be assessed after several months, when complete healing and recovery occurs.

Blepharoplasty can be supplemented with Botox procedures, which eliminate fine wrinkles around the eyes, or correction with biopolymer gel.

Side effects may occur after surgery: redness of the eyes, sometimes dryness or excessive tearing, foreign body sensation, burning, itching, increased sensitivity to light. Prescribing eye drops with anti-inflammatory drugs leads to the rapid elimination of these manifestations. In addition, there may be an allergic reaction to the anesthetic, slight asymmetry in the scars, bruising, temporary difficulty closing the eyes, double vision, and pulling down of the lower eyelids, which will require additional procedures.

Contraindications to surgical intervention are chronic diseases of the eyelids and conjunctiva - the mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelids and part of the eyeball.

"Golden Threads"

About ten years ago in Russia, in order to correct wrinkles and other age-related skin changes, they began to use the so-called "golden threads".

The result of this operation is called reinforcement and has a rejuvenating effect. It is expressed by the elasticity and firmness of the skin and, therefore, by reducing the depth or eliminating wrinkles.

Using a special needle, the doctor inserts a thin gold thread with a diameter of 0.1 mm under the skin of the face and neck, which is “accompanied” by a polyglycol thread. This absorbable polymer base is necessary in order to correctly position the gold thread. The body responds to the insertion of the thread by forming new rows of collagen fibers around it, creating a “framework” that supports the muscles for many years. The use of gold is dictated by the fact that it does not cause allergies, does not oxidize, and does not cause a rejection reaction in the body.

With maximum effect, this manipulation lasts up to 40 years. However, the best age for her is 30-38 years, when the first signs of aging appear, but the reserve capacity of the skin is still high, and therefore the synthesis of collagen and elastin is at a fairly high level.

The procedure for introducing gold threads lasts about 30-40 minutes under local or general anesthesia. After inserting the threads into the willow, the puncture site is fixed with a plaster for about a day. After the operation, the patient can go home the same day. During the recovery period, as well as any surgical intervention, soft tissue swelling develops and hemorrhages appear, which disappear after 7-10 days. There are usually no other side effects. The first results are visible no earlier than 1.5-2 months: the complexion improves, wrinkles begin to smooth out, the skin becomes more elastic. After 6 months, you can evaluate the obvious results of rejuvenation. It should be noted that the rejuvenation effect increases over 2 years and can last 8 - 12 years, depending on the characteristics of the body, age, and the initial condition of the skin. For some, the cosmetic effect of the operation is very pronounced and lasts a long time. Others need to combine reinforcement with other types of plastic surgery, gel, braces, etc.

Lipofilling

The method of surgical correction of cosmetic defects by injecting the patient’s fat cells is called lipofilling. It allows you to shape the contour of the face, fill folds in the bridge of the nose, corners of the mouth and under the eyes, smooth out wrinkles between the eyebrows, and correct retracted scars. In addition, this is one of the most optimal methods for correcting post-traumatic skin defects.

First, in the area of ​​excess fat, usually on the thighs, a skin puncture is made and the fatty substrate is sucked out with a thin tube connected to a syringe. Then it is injected into the area to be corrected.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. It should be taken into account that after 6 months the volume of adipose tissue will partially decrease, so if necessary, the procedure can be repeated.

After the procedure, swelling may be observed, the peak of which occurs on the second or third day. By the sixth to eighth days the swelling completely disappears.

The result obtained is saved forever.

Lipofilling is contraindicated for those who suffer from diabetes mellitus and diseases associated with impaired blood supply. In such diseases, the transferred fat cells often die. Therefore, the desired result will not occur.

After surgery, the patient can go home the same day, although her social activities may be limited as the postoperative period is usually accompanied by swelling and bruising.

Gel injections

Another method of treating wrinkles is the injection of various materials in the form of a gel under the skin. All drugs used for these purposes can be divided into two large groups: long-acting - more than two years, and short-acting - up to two years.

Long-acting drugs called biogels, implying their bioinertness (the property of a substance not to interact with body tissues). They do not undergo resorption-bioresorption and retain their volume for a long time.

Biogels are used to correct only deep wrinkles and folds in the bridge of the nose, corners of the mouth, and nasolabial folds.

Most short-acting materials are derivatives of hyaluronic acid. They replenish the missing volume in the wrinkle area and stimulate collagen formation, eliminating one of the causes of wrinkle formation. In addition, hyaluronic acid preparations are used to correct the shape and volume of the lips, nose, and to eliminate scars.

The preparations are available in varying degrees of viscosity, which makes it possible to treat both fine wrinkles and folds.

The possibility of a single injection of a non-absorbable substance is very attractive for patients. However, we must take into account the fact that the face is not a frozen system and after some time, under the influence of muscle contractions, the biogel may end up in a different place. In addition, some types of gel promote the formation of granulomas - seals.

Age-related changes in appearance, being a complex process, require an integrated approach when solving rejuvenation problems, in the cooperation of specialists from different fields: plastic surgeons, dermatologists, endocrinologists, gynecologists. This is the key to successfully achieving the desired result.

Information on how to remove deep wrinkles on the forehead and between the eyebrows is of interest to many clients of beauty salons, because stretching of muscles under the influence of gravity, thinning of the epidermis and a decrease in the concentration of the main moisturizing component of the dermis - hyaluronic acid, leads to the appearance of skin folds in the upper third of the face, it is impossible to correct them without professional help. Aesthetic medicine and cosmetology offer several methods for solving this problem, each of which has certain advantages. What to choose?

Non-surgical methods

Non-surgical methods for correcting wrinkles are divided into injection and hardware methods of skin rejuvenation. The main advantages of such procedures include their relatively low cost, short rehabilitation period and minimal risk of side effects and complications.

Injection procedures for skin rejuvenation

Contour plastic

Contour plastic surgery is a method of injection correction of wrinkles, which is based on the intradermal injection of a sterile gel (filler) of dense consistency under the patient’s skin. To carry out the procedure, drugs that include hyaluronic acid (Belotero basic, Hyaluform, Teosyal, Restylane, Glytone, Surgiderm), polycaprolactone (Ellanse) and calcium hydroxyapatite (Radiesse) are most often used. Intradermal injection of a dense consistency gel allows you to instantly smooth out medium and deep wrinkles on the forehead and bridge of the nose. The effect of contouring is noticeable immediately and lasts for 6-15 months (depending on the density of the gel).

The estimated cost of one injection is 80-100 USD.

Mesotherapy

Mesotherapy is a procedure for rejuvenating the skin of the upper part of the face, which is based on saturating the mesoderm with special nutrients. The active components that are part of mesotherapy cocktails activate the process of collagen production, increase the elasticity of collagen and elastin fibers and contribute to the complete renewal of the epidermis, due to which the skin is smoothed. Mesotherapy helps fight the first wrinkles on the forehead, which arise due to excessive activity of the facial muscles. The effect of its implementation becomes noticeable after 2-3 procedures, and the course consists of 10 sessions. The result lasts for 6-12 months.

The estimated cost of mesotherapy for the upper third of the face is 30-70 USD.

Botulinum therapy

Botulinum therapy is an injection technique for smoothing wrinkles, which is based on the intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin into the upper third of the face, a drug that temporarily paralyzes facial muscles (Botox, Dysport, Xeomin). The temporary absence of facial activity helps smooth out skin folds. The effect of the procedure lasts for about a year. It helps not only to get rid of horizontal and vertical wrinkles on the forehead, but also helps smooth the skin on the bridge of the nose and the back of the nose. To correct forehead wrinkles and glabellar folds, 5-50 units of botulinum toxin will be required.

The price of one unit of the drug is 4 USD, the estimated cost of the procedure is 120-160 USD.

Thread lifting

Forehead thread lifting (thread lifting) is a non-surgical technique for tightening the skin of the upper third of the face, which is based on the introduction of special absorbable or non-absorbable threads under the patient’s skin. Intradermal introduction of threads into the skin of the forehead makes it possible to form a strong frame in the dermis, which tightens the tissue, smooths out even deep wrinkles, and prevents sagging of the skin. Depending on the type of material used, there is thread lifting with mesothreads (absorbable within 180 days), gold threads (made of pure gold) and Aptos threads (non-absorbable suture material, which is produced on the basis of a mixture of polypropylene and caproic acid). The effect of the procedure is noticeable immediately and lasts for two years.

The estimated cost of a forehead thread lift is 300-600 USD.

Hardware techniques

Laser resurfacing

Laser resurfacing is a low-traumatic technique for smoothing skin folds in the forehead area, which is based on heating the epidermis and dermis with high-intensity laser energy. The high temperature of the skin causes the evaporation of moisture from the upper layers of the epidermis, activates the process of exfoliation of cells of the stratum corneum, provides a lifting effect and helps smooth out wrinkles. The effect of laser resurfacing is noticeable immediately and lasts for 1-3 years.

The estimated cost of the procedure is 120-140 USD

Microdermabrasion

Microdermabrasion is a non-invasive technique for skin rejuvenation, which is based on mechanical exfoliation of cells in the stratum corneum of the epidermis using sterile aluminum dioxide crystals. Reducing the thickness of the epidermal cells of the upper layer of the skin activates the process of internal regeneration, helps smooth out skin folds and improves blood microcirculation. The method is suitable for correcting facial wrinkles on the forehead that occur in patients aged 20-30 years.

The estimated cost of the procedure is 10-20 USD.

Laser nanoperforation

Laser nanoperforation is a technique for focal destruction of the skin with a narrowly directed beam of laser energy in order to activate the process of independent skin regeneration. The effect of the procedure is noticeable immediately and increases over time, and the result lasts for 3-5 years. Laser nanoperforation is considered an alternative to plastic surgery because it helps tighten the skin of the upper third of the face, smooth out horizontal skin folds and remove transverse wrinkles on the bridge of the nose.

The price of one session of laser nanoperforation is 100 USD.

Microcurrent therapy

Microcurrent therapy (myostimulation) is a method of hardware rejuvenation of the skin, which is based on toning the facial muscles of the forehead using electrical impulses. Low-frequency electric current causes contraction of muscle fibers, which provides a lifting effect and helps smooth out skin folds.

The cost of one session of microcurrent therapy is 30 USD.

Lifting

Lifting is a hardware method of tightening the skin, which is based on controlled deep heating of the skin with radiofrequency energy. The high temperature of radiofrequency radiation improves turgor and increases the elasticity of skin fibers, starts the process of exfoliation of epidermal scales and helps smooth out wrinkles. The results of the procedure are noticeable immediately and last for 1-2 years.

The estimated cost of one session is 60-70 USD.

Chemical peeling

Chemical peeling is a method of non-surgical, non-invasive skin rejuvenation, which is based on a superficial burn of the skin with chemicals. During the procedure, the doctor treats the skin of the upper third of the face with a peeling mixture, which may include lactic, glycolic, azelaic or retinoic acid, which causes the process of exfoliation of cells of the stratum corneum of the epidermis, improves the synthesis of new skin fibers and leads to the smoothing of wrinkles. In order to obtain a more pronounced result, cosmetologists recommend combining chemical peeling with mesotherapy procedures, contouring or Botox injections.

The estimated cost of one session is 30-80 USD (depending on the composition of the peeling mixture).

Surgical methods

Surgical methods for correcting wrinkles include frontlifting - a plastic surgery during which the doctor performs a lift of the eyebrows and forehead.

The operation can be performed in several ways:

1. open;
2. temporal;
3. transpalpebral;
4. endoscopic.

Due to the high invasiveness of the method and the risk of complications, open frontal forehead lifting is rarely performed today. The temporal and transpalpebral method of plastic surgery is suitable for patients who are thinking about how to raise their eyebrows, and endoscopic forehead lifting is suitable for smoothing out deep wrinkles in the upper third of the face.

During endoscopic frontal lifting, the surgeon makes 2-3 small incisions on the hairline, through which he dissects the muscle facies that holds the forehead tissues in a stationary position, moves them upward and fixes them using special screws, non-absorbable suture material or endotins. The operation is indicated for after the age of 35 years. The effect of its implementation is noticeable immediately, and the result with proper post-operative skin care lasts for 5-7 years.

The estimated cost of front lifting is 1000-1500 USD.

Over the years, the facial muscles weaken, causing the first wrinkles to appear. Vertical and horizontal folds on the forehead and bridge of the nose usually appear in people aged 50 years. But, unfortunately, eyebrow wrinkles can often appear much earlier - at twenty-five, and even at eighteen years old. How to remove eyebrow folds or “anger” wrinkles? The specialists of the cosmetology clinic “Proportia” will help you solve this problem.

Causes of eyebrow wrinkles

Most often, the appearance of furrows on the forehead is associated with natural aging of the facial skin. Over the years, the skin becomes drier. The fat contained in its cells begins to be unevenly redistributed, resulting in eyebrow wrinkles appearing in places of greatest muscle activity. Heredity also has a big influence. A genetic predisposition to dysfunction of the endocrine glands can be inherited.

However, often the causes of deep eyebrow wrinkles are ecology and weather conditions (scorching sun, strong wind, etc.). Also, wrinkles between the eyebrows may appear due to sudden weight loss. Correction of eyebrow wrinkles is also necessary in case of deterioration of the skin condition caused by stress and negative emotions, the need to frown all the time due to poor vision and much more.

Ways to eliminate eyebrow wrinkles

Folds on the forehead are usually divided into dynamic and static. Moreover, dynamic wrinkles occur with active facial expressions, but static ones - even if the person’s face is completely at rest. Correction of dynamic wrinkles is best addressed by injections of Dysport (or Botox). Such injections can only soften static folds, which is why Botox is used in combination with intradermal filler. The drugs that have shown themselves most effectively in cosmetology and allow you to get rid of eyebrow wrinkles include fillers “Restylane”, “Juvederm”, “Gelax”, “Varioderm”, etc. Also, by contacting the Proportia clinic, you can experience benefit from the effectiveness of plasma therapy based on innovative technologies for skin lifting and rejuvenation.

Removal of shallow static wrinkles between the eyebrows is possible only by injections of intradermal filler containing hyaluronic acid, or by laser skin resurfacing. In more advanced cases, removal of glabellar wrinkles in women and men may require surgical intervention, for example, a forehead lift, but you should always start with conservative methods.

How Dysport (or Botox) works

Injections of Dysport (or Botox) help block the passage of impulses from nerve endings to muscles. Already 3-7 days after the procedure, the first results are noted - wrinkles between the eyebrows in the area of ​​butolinotherapy disappear. Under the influence of drugs and due to muscle immobility, skin cells are rebuilt for rejuvenation. Thanks to this, after some time, the eyebrow wrinkles are completely removed. In addition, injections help get rid of the habit of wrinkling your forehead.

Contour plastic

Folds between the eyebrows, caused by active facial expressions, are best removed with drugs that eliminate this facial expression (Botox, Dysport). If there are contraindications to the administration of botulinum toxin, as well as if the folds are severely expressed, preparations for contouring are administered. Correction of eyebrow wrinkles using contour plastic surgery can be carried out as an independent procedure or as an additional treatment after the administration of botulinum toxin (Dysport, Botox).

Removal of eyebrow wrinkles using contour plastic surgery in combination with Botox injections allows you to achieve the complete disappearance of wrinkles and a reduction in facial expressions. When performing contouring on your own, you can expect a decrease in the severity of wrinkles, but at the same time, complete preservation of facial expressions is guaranteed.

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