Sukhotka

You already know that organs contain various types of moisture. These include moisture prepared for nutrition and hydration of joints; Some of them are stored in the vessels, while others are scattered throughout the organs like dew. Both of them are divided into two parts, the first part, as you know, becomes the matter of putrefactive fevers or fermentation fevers, when the nutrient, entering the vessels, is not completely consumed and what remains of it is something intended for consumption and something intended for saving.

Among them there are also moistures that have only recently thickened, that is, those moistures that actually turn into nutrients, in other words, are attracted to a certain place and serve as a replacement for digested food. They become an addition to the given organ and become similar to it, but since they have only recently been fluid, they are not yet completely thick.

And there are also such moistures, thanks to which, during their initial creation, particles of organs that are similar in relation to particles are connected; when these moistures disappear, the particles separate and disintegrate. The likeness of the first moisture is the oil of the lamp, poured into the cup of the lamp, the likeness of the second is the oil absorbed into the body of the wick, the likeness of the third is the moisture that binds the particles of cotton from which the wick is made.

When the main organs and especially the heart begin to burn, then, as you know, this very disease arises, that is, tabes; Hotness of the liver also sometimes leads to tabes, but such hotness in itself is not tabes, for tabes is a disease that arises from the heart. The situation is the same in relation to the lungs and stomach, but while heat destroys the moisture belonging to the first part in the organs and especially in the heart, just as a lamp destroys oil poured into a cup, this is the first degree of the disease, to which a generic name is assigned, namely: tabes, or, in Greek, icticus, because it does not have a specific name. When the moisture belonging to the first part dries up, and the fever begins to disperse and destroy the moisture belonging to the second part, just as a flame, having exhausted the oil poured into the cup of a lamp, begins to destroy what has been absorbed into the body of the wick, the second stage begins. disease and it is called stunting or, in Greek, marasmus, it has symptoms and periods - the beginning, the limit and the middle. The one who has reached the limit of wasting will not be lucky - and such a disease can rarely be treated, unless Allah wills it, especially when it comes to the fact that the meat is thinning. And when this moisture and fever dries up and begins to destroy the moisture belonging to the third part, just as a flame burns the substance of the wick and its main moisture, the third degree of disease occurs, called crumbling, or crushing, and in Greek rikhis; This disease refers to fevers that do not have clearly defined attacks and periods of attacks.

Some people say that tachyne fever sticks either to moisture that has recently thickened, or, for example, to meat, or to solid major organs - bones and nerves. Such a statement, if we conclude from it that the tabes sticks to the organ and destroys the moisture associated with it, is equivalent to the previous statement; if it means that dryness first of all destroys moisture that has recently thickened, then such reasoning is not sound reasoning.

Tabe sometimes occurs after one-day fevers, and sometimes it occurs after putrefactive and tumor fevers, but it is far from probable that tabes appears first, that is, that the main organs become inflamed and neither the juice nor the pneuma are inflamed before this. On the contrary, first these substances should become heated, then, as the days pass, the main organs become heated, unless, of course, some very strong reason arises. The same cause is sometimes the cause of tabes, and sometimes the cause of one-day fever, depending on how strongly or weakly it adheres to the organs. Likewise, fire destroys wood in two ways: firstly, by heating it and creating steam in it and, secondly, by igniting it.

Putrefactive and tumor fevers often develop into tabes due to the strength of the fever, a large reduction in the diet, prohibition of cold water and insufficient care of the heart through the use of ointments and medicinal dressings, especially in diseases of organs close to the heart, for example, the abdominal obstruction. Often the patient is driven into tabes by the need for the doctor to give him wine, meat juice, musk medicine and similar drugs due to loss of strength and frequent fainting; sometimes tabes is combined with putrefactive and tumor fevers. Tabe is initially difficult to recognize but easy to treat, and at the end it is easy to recognize but difficult to treat. Wasting in the end is completely untreatable.

Signs. As for the pulse, it is thin, hard, frequent and weak and remains steadily in one state, and to the touch the heat is felt less than the heat that flares up in the juices during synochus and similar fevers. At the first touch, the heat seems weak, but when the hand rests on the body for a while, it appears with force and burns and increases all the time. The hottest place is the veins and arteries, and their hotness is the same and does not decrease, but when the nutrient enters the vessels, the heat increases and intensifies, and the pulse becomes strong and begins to increase, just as a flame rises when oil gets on it, and the hot hisses. frying pan when water is poured onto it. Therefore, it happens that ignorant doctors forbid patients to eat as a result of such phenomena, and thereby destroy them. This is one of the obvious signs of tabes, and in other fevers nutrition does not necessarily cause such a fever, although it causes restless movements of natural force. Such a height, in contrast to the height of other fevers, occurs not after a compression of the pulse and not after certain periods, but at any time when the patient is fed. The person suffering from this disease does not strongly feel that he has a fever, for the heat becomes the harmonious nature of the organ, and you already know from Book One how things are in such a case, but when eating any food, the heat becomes obvious due to its intensification.

One of the signs of the transition of one-day fever to tabes is a significant increase in fever on the third day. In most cases, a one-day fever begins to subside after twelve hours, and if the fever has passed after twelve hours and there are no signs of decline, but on the contrary, it continues until the third day and intensifies, then it is tabes. Signs of a combination of tabes with other putrefactive fevers include, among other things, the presence of dry heat at the end of the decline and after profuse perspiration, greater stunting and weight loss than usual with this disease, oily urine and feces. If the obvious disease is tabes, and the hidden disease is another fever, then this is indicated by compression of the pulse during attacks; with tabes, something like this does not occur at all. Know that sometimes tabes begin, sticking to the stomach, and, due to their proximity, spoil the nature of the liver.

Signs of wasting. As for the signs of stunting, when the fever rushes towards stunting, hardness, weakness, smallness and pulse rate increase, especially if the cause of the tabes was unresolved tumors. This, that is, the pulse rate, increases greatly, and the pulse turns into a variety known as a mouse tail; if stunting occurs from drinking hot wine, then the pulse instead of a mouse tail is needle-shaped. Manifestations of stunting are not very strong - they do not have time to get to this point; oiliness and plaques appear in the urine, the eyes begin to sink in, and when stunting reaches its limit, their hollowness increases and dry pus multiplies in them. The ends of the bones of all members and the face protrude, the temples become sunken, the skin on the forehead becomes tense, the whole skin loses its shine and becomes as if dusty or scorched by the sun. It comes to the point that it is difficult for the patient to lift his eyelids, and his eyes are dormant, closed without sleep. The nose becomes thinner, the hair quickly lengthens and lice appear in it. The belly looks dry and seems to stick to the back, like dry skin that retracts and pulls the skin of the chest with it. When the nails become bent and arched, it means stunting has reached its limit and a chopping fever has begun, and when stunting turns into a chopping fever, the cartilage melts.

Treatment of tabes. The goal in treating tabes is cooling and hydration; both influences are carried out by approaching the patient to his cause and eliminating the causes of the opposite, and often the cause of one turns out to be the cause of what is opposite to the other. For example, the cause of cooling is sometimes the cause of drying out, and drying is the opposite of wetting; such is, say, cooling with camphor cakes or cakes made from bamboo nodules and similar medicines. It also happens that the cause of moistening is the cause of heating, which is the opposite of cooling; This is, for example, wine - it moisturizes but also warms, and you should keep this in mind. Therefore, if necessity requires a strong cooling agent, which cannot but dry out, then a medicine with moisturizing power is combined with it or given before or after it. It is the same when necessity requires something strongly and quickly moisturizing, such as meat juice or wine, - some medicine with cooling power should be combined with it or given before and after it.

If the cause of tabes is a tumor or pain in any organ, then you must first treat this organ. Anyone who likes to combine in treatment various methods suitable for a patient whose fever has become very intense should first give him camphor cakes or a medicine with the same effect in shikanjubin at dawn and, after sunrise, barley water with crayfish, if they he is not disgusted, either with julab or pomegranate juice, but at night give him flea plantain mucus, if there are no obstacles from the stomach and other organs. And the cooling regime consists of prescribing cooling drinks and cooling vegetables known to you, such cakes as camphor cakes, cooling medicinal dressings, rubs and the like, as well as cooling the air, even in winter; if the patient cannot tolerate this, then he is covered with lighter blankets, because cooling the air is the best thing for him. It is good to dress him in clothes scented with sandalwood or camphor, give him to smell incense with roses, camphor and sandalwood, fruits that are cold by nature, basil sprinkled with rose water, and also evaporate the moisture from the body later or in a bath. You should not keep strongly cooling medicinal bandages on organs close to the respiratory organs for a long time - this sometimes causes great harm to breathing and voice. The patient should indulge in rest, sleep, peace, have fun and avoid what makes him angry, sad and upset, as well as prolonged fasting and thirst. The cooling medicinal bandages that he should use should be fragrant - they are more likely to help, especially bandages on the chest and areas adjacent to the chest - and, while cooling, should not have astringent properties, because binding, causing drying, at the same time interferes with the strength of the medicine penetrate deep. The bandages should be constantly changed so that the medicine, while remaining on the body, does not warm or warm, and at the same time, monitor the degree of cooling, because if the medicine is very cold, it can easily weaken that part of the body, and if it is near respiratory organs, it can easily cause numbness of the abdominal barrier and other organs and prevent them from freely removing air. The moisturizing regimen includes soft foods and fruits, baths, rubbing, medicinal dressings, means for rubbing and dripping into the nose, rest and peace; the patient should not endure hunger or thirst.

Cooling medicines for such patients. As for moisturizers, they all belong to the category of dishes or their nutritional properties predominate. Such, for example, is barley water, boiled with crayfish and nutritious because of the crayfish; the limbs of the crayfish should be cut off - legs and claws - and washed three times or more in cold water with good salt and ash so that they clean and lose their bad smell; then they are boiled in barley water. These are also cow's buttermilk, the squeezed juices of well-known vegetables mentioned in the paragraphs on acute fevers, or, for example, the mucus of the flea plantain. As for vinegar, it has a strong drying property and some ability to dissolve, so it should be drunk with something that counteracts both these qualities, for example, mixed with a large amount of water, or with some moisturizing emollients. Donkey's milk comes close to being cooling in its moisturizing properties, so that some people rank its cooling superior to that of cow's milk, but it is suitable only for those who suffer only from dryness and have no matter or juice in it that is prone to putrefaction. You should be careful that the milk does not curdle; One of the substances that prevents this is sugar. If you are afraid that putrefaction will occur from milk, then carefully relax the stomach, and if you are afraid of warming, refrain from giving milk for several days and treat during these days with cakes and fruit juices, and then return to milk.

And cooling medicines that lack moisturizing properties are, for example, the well-known cakes described above, that is, cakes with camphor, cold cakes with coral, or, for example, cakes of this kind: take Concretions of bamboo, Armenian clay - four dirhams each, roses - six dirhams , seeds of purslane, cucumber and pumpkin, as well as amber - each for three dirhams, cakes are prepared from this and given for reception for two dirhams; they are very good.

Flatbreads that are also close to them: they take large plantain, starch, gum, tragacanth - three dirhams each, Armenian clay, bamboo nodules - four, soporific poppy - five, roses, pumpkin seeds, cucumber, purslane - six each, peeled quince seeds , melon seeds, kiss seeds - seven each, thickly brewed licorice juice - ten dirhams; All this is mixed with flea plantain mucus.

As for cooling rubs, ointments, medicinal dressings, as well as cooling medicines for rubbing and dripping into the nose, these are those that you already know; the best of them are rubbing pumpkin oil, soporific poppy oil, water lily, willow, and violet oil.

The cooling mats should be very smooth, made of leather sprinkled with rose water, or of the kind of flax that is made in Tabaristan. The filling for mattresses should not be hot, made from torn flax, and should be constantly updated. Or let it be leather mattresses, which are filled with water and pre-quilted to even out the water and prevent it from accumulating in one place. Let the bed be near flowing water, and under it should lie the leaves of trees and plants that are cold and damp by nature - willow, tenacious and wet vegetables, as well as cold flowers, like roses, leaves of cold trees, young shoots of grapes and the like.

Moisturizing medications for such patients. Medicines that moisturize with cooling were mentioned above, and now it remains to be said about how to give the patient milk and buttermilk, how to use the bath and bathhouse, and how to apply rubbing of oil and ointment and other therapeutic measures. We have already taught how to give milk in the paragraphs on consumption and dry stomach, and this should be taken as a rule. There is no milk, after women's, better than donkey's milk and then goat's; As you know, these animals should be fed cold, damp herbs and vegetables. Their milk, and especially the donkey's milk; eradicates tabes when it can be eradicated by something at all, and nothing deserves preference if the intake of milk is not prevented by the occurring or expected decay of the resulting matter. Milk helps patients from the beginning to the end of tabes, and human milk, sucked from the breast, is most suitable.

The rule of drinking by churning is also close to this. It is best to begin with ten dirhams and work up to thirty dirhams or more if natural strength cooperates; you are allowed to add some cooling cakes to the buttermilk, and you can increase the amount mentioned at the first and last doses, if natural strength promotes digestion.

As for baths, the best ones are warm, not very hot, and at the same time having the cooling and moisturizing properties of vegetables and herbs. Such baths should not cause even slight perspiration, much less sweat, and it is unacceptable for hot steam to come from the bath. If there is no interference with the use of a cold bath, there is nothing better than it, but the obstacle to this is the weakness and exhaustion of the body in such patients. However, at the beginning of an illness, a cold bath often cures them, and as for weakness of the body, a cold bath sometimes heals it, causing a slight cooling of the nature, which can be treated. If the patient is already too weak, then one can be afraid that he will fall into senile tabes, which, however, happens in the rarest cases, but cold baths delay the death of such a patient, and he lives with such treatment for quite a considerable time. Often the best thing for him is precisely the transition to such a tabus.

And with regard to the baths that we talked about, the most correct thing to do is start with hot ones up to a certain limit and gradually move on to cold ones, moderate, tolerable coldness; such gradualness makes the body able to endure cold, since pain occurs only from the sudden impact of something discordant by nature; In addition, the body acquires a certain semblance of fullness from hot water and thanks to it it tolerates cold water. Taking a bath three times a day will be correct, but it should be used with caution so as not to lose strength; Taking barley water two hours before a bath is also correct. When a bath is given after milking the patient's body to widen the passages for nutrients, as we will explain below, and then barley water or something similar to it is taken, and then they wait a while and again take a bath in order to distribute it throughout the body nutrient, turns out great.

After a bath or sauna, apply cold moisturizing oils, such as violet oil, especially if it is prepared with pumpkin oil, as well as water lily oil and pure pumpkin oil. If after a hot bath they move on to a colder bath, but not much and to a tolerable extent, and then rub themselves with oil, this is good; First, rubbing yourself with oils, speeding up the rubbing, and then entering slightly cold water will also be good, but this depends on the degree of endurance of the patient, and gradualness does not harm here. The best time for this procedure is after the food has been digested. If it is possible, after a hot bath, to immediately, without moving, immerse the patient in cold water, then this is more effective in terms of treatment, but worse in terms of danger; carefully pouring water on is less dangerous than immersing the patient in it immediately, but also less useful. Let the coldness of the water be the same as the coldness of summer water, that is, average between warm and very cold.

If you first milk the patient's body with whole milk, if he is not very weak, or, if he is weak, diluted with water, and then give him a bath, then it will be good, because milking milk on the body greatly moisturizes the nature. Good milk for milking is from the varieties mentioned above and should be milked directly from the udder. It is best to rub the mentioned oils all over the body and joints at night.

As for the bathhouse, such a patient is allowed to be taken to the bathhouse only if it does not cause sweat, does not warm or disturb breathing, and if the water in the bathhouse is hot, not the air. The heat of the water must be low so that it carries out the medicine; but it did not irritate and did not cause sweat, and the patient should be taken to the bathhouse when there is no matter in his body that is prone to decay. It is especially harmful to do this when the food has not yet been digested; on the contrary, you should take a bath at a time when it is desirable for the digested food to disperse throughout the body. And let the patient not stay long in the bathhouse and quickly leave it, and when he leaves it, let him take some moisturizing food and some kind of stew made from barley and milk that is not harmful to him. If he gets thirsty in the bathhouse, it is quenched with barley water, raib whey and donkey milk. Such patients should be taken to the bathhouse and taken away from there in such a way that it is not at all tiring; We have already talked about this in other places and will repeat it in part. The patient should be taken to the bathhouse, carried in his arms, on a stretcher in which a flat bed is laid, and when he reaches the first room in them, he is transferred to a soft quilted mattress suitable for a bathhouse; his clothes are removed either there or in the next room, if it is not hot in it. In each of them he remains only long enough to shift him and give him a little rest, and also to remove his clothes. Then he is brought into the third room, where it should not be very hot, and he remains there as long as he can stand being in the bath. That's what doctors' books say about it, but I prefer the bath to be in a medium, moderately hot room. And when the patient leaves the cold bath, he is wrapped in a sheet or double-lined robe and carried on a stretcher to his bed. They dry the sweat on it with a handkerchief, anoint it with oil and feed it.

Nutrition for patients with tabes. They should be given food in parts and not feed them enough at one time. Further, the best thing to feed them is barley water and barley, as well as bread from washed wheat, soaked in cold water, milk, if the intake is not prevented by what we mentioned above, cow’s buttermilk - it is very nutritious, mung bean, pumpkin. Among the fruits they are given are Palestinian, that is, Raqqa melons, known in our country as Indian ones.

When the patient feels better, it is not harmful to feed him fresh, unsalted cheese, and if his strength weakens, it is a good idea to give him zirbaj broth, seasoned with fresh coriander and cooked, for example, from turrets or field partridges. Sometimes it is necessary to give him to drink a little liquid wine, abundantly diluted with water, and often it is necessary to give marinades from the meat of turrets, field and mountain partridges or chickens, as well as sour jellies, or sour curries from goat or cow meat, if the strength of digestion is preserved; the vinegar from the pickle and caris benefits them and strengthens them in this case. Often it is not possible to avoid administering meat juice mixed with wine from cold sour fruits, or soft-boiled egg yolks, and when weakness makes the patient faint, you have to feed him meat juice extracted from the ribs of a kid, adding a little salt. The meat juice is filtered and the same amount of apple juice and half a tenth of fragrant wine are added to it; It is given to drink warmed up.

As for cold water, which is not very cold, it is not bad to give it to the patient, unless there is an obstacle, and such an obstacle is either a tumor in the hypochondrium area, or the presence of rotting chyme or immature chyme in the body. They should all ripen, but the signs of ripening are not yet obvious, and if they were obvious, the danger would be less. The same thing happens if sarsam or leopards are transferred to dry land; in this case, the prohibition of drinking cold water is even more expedient than in others, because if tabesum occurs after diseases that debilitate and weaken strength and soften bones and meat, then it finds the body weak, and when drinking cold water is combined with weakening, the patient immediately falls into tabes of another kind, similar to this one in dryness, but different from it in relation to heat and cold and called senile tabes or tabes from decrepitude. This is a serious illness in which the innate warmth completely dries up. Very cold water in large quantities sometimes harms such patients under all circumstances, destroying the innate warmth in their main organs; it often accelerates death or transforms the disease into another type of tabes.

Help with phenomena accompanying tabes. Fainting is one of them, and we have already talked about how to provide the patient with appropriate nutrition. This also includes diarrhea, and it must be treated and stopped, because there is a great danger in it. Its treatment initially consists of replacing barley water for such patients with barley oatmeal juice or adding roasted millet and gum or boiled lentils several times to the barley, or milk, which is boiled either with hot stones or simply on fire until the it is watery; Milk with millet is especially useful.

And let the patient be given the following cakes: take Armenian clay - five parts, roasted chestnuts, roses - four and four, bamboo concretions, amber - three and three, peeled sorrel seeds and barberry berries - six each. All this is turned into flat cakes with squeezed quince juice and given in the morning with pear juice. And before going to bed they drink roasted flea plantain; powders made from bamboo nodules with Meccan bdelium are also very useful. If diarrhea leads to abrasions in the intestines, then the abrasions are treated with enemas known to you; this is most suitable.