Acetoacetyl-CoA

Acetoacetate-CoA.

Acetoacetate-CoA (acetoacetyl-CoA) is a coenzyme, a derivative of coenzyme A. It is used in various biochemical processes, for example, in the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, etc.

In biochemistry, acetoacet-CoA is formed from acetic acid and acetyl-CoA, and is a precursor for the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. In the liver, acetoacetate is an intermediate product in the process of glucose metabolism.

The name acetoaceta-CoA comes from the fact that it contains two acetyl (acyl) residues attached to a CoA residue.

The acetyl group plays an important role in the transformations of carboxylic acids, acetyl-CoA is involved in the transfer of hydrogen from NAD to various aromatic and aliphatic compounds (including steroids, fatty acids and cholesterol), its oxidation leads to the formation of NADH. Acetyl biosynthesis occurs first with the participation of ATP (although in some reactions coenzyme A is still used) through the transfer of formate to acylglycerol with the formation of acyl coenzyme A 2. After the formate is eliminated, acetate is obtained. The last stage occurs with the participation of FAD and includes the transfer of hydrogen ions: the first reaction produces CoA propionate, the second - AcAMT phosphate methylate. The methyl part can be used either to transfer other groups (coenzymes) or be part of the aspartic residue itself. It is believed that the acetate stage is not limiting in methyl transfer in higher organisms.