Acne Vulgaris (Juvenile)

Acne vulgaris (adolescent) is a common skin disease that most often occurs during puberty and is characterized by inflammation and purulent manifestations in the sebaceous glands against the background of seborrhea. The causes of this disease are not fully understood, but its pathogenesis is associated with disturbances in the functioning of the sebaceous glands and seborrhea.

One of the main reasons is a decrease in the bactericidal properties of lard, which leads to the activation of coccal flora. The clinical picture of acne vulgaris manifests itself in the form of a variety of rashes that are located on seborrheic areas of the skin, such as the face, chest and back. First, comedones (sebaceous plugs) appear, which then turn into inflamed nodules (papular acne), and then into pustules of various sizes and depths (pustular and phlegmonous acne). In some cases, the infection begins in the deep layers of the skin, leading to the formation of soft hemispherical nodules that may be filled with purulent contents and have a bluish-red color (acne conglobata). Hardened pustules form crusts that, when they fall off, can leave bluish-pink spots or scars.

Deep acne vulgaris can be painful. The variety of clinical manifestations is due to the long and often prolonged course of the disease. Treatment of acne depends on the depth and extent of the process.

In cases of severe disease, the use of antibiotics (for example, tetracycline at a dose of 0.2 g 3-4 times a day), immunotherapy drugs (for example, staphylococcal autovaccine or staphylococcal toxoid), indomethacin, vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin B6, iangexavit, dekamevit), electrocoagulation, ultraviolet irradiation and hot showers. In cases of mild forms of the disease, it may be sufficient to use vitamin therapy, local products that degrease and disinfect the skin (for example, Vidal's milk, 1-2% salicylic alcohol, 5% chloramphenicol, sulsena paste masks), as well as limiting the consumption of oily, spicy and sweet foods.

Correction of neuroendocrine disorders can also be an important part of treatment. The prognosis is usually good, and spontaneous recovery often occurs by age 20–25. However, with deep forms of acne, scars may remain.

Prevention of acne vulgaris comes down to the treatment of seborrhea, since it is considered one of the main causes of the disease. Regular skin cleansing, using gentle cleansers and disinfectants, and eating a healthy diet can help prevent or reduce the risk of developing acne.

In conclusion, acne vulgaris (juvenile) is a common skin disease that manifests itself as a purulent-inflammatory lesion of the sebaceous glands against the background of seborrhea. It has a varied clinical presentation and may require different treatments depending on its severity. Regular skin care and treatment for seborrhea can help prevent and manage acne vulgaris.