Alfacain Sp

Alfacain SP

Country of origin: France
Pharm-Group: Local anesthetics

Manufacturers: Laboratory Spud (France)
International name: Articaine + Epinephrine
Synonyms: Alfacaine N, Brilocaine - adrenaline, Brilocaine - adrenaline forte, Septanest with adrenaline 1:100000, Septanest with adrenaline 1:200000, Ultracaine D-S, Ultracaine D-S forte
Dosage forms: solution for injection
Composition: Active ingredient - articaine hydrochloride + adrenaline hydrotartrate (epinephrine).

Indications for use: Anesthesia (infiltration and conduction) in dentistry for tooth extraction, filling a cavity, grinding teeth for a crown.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, paroxysmal tachycardia, tachyarrhythmia, bronchial asthma, angle-closure glaucoma, concomitant use of non-selective beta-blockers, severe liver failure, porphyria, intravascular injections, hyperthyroidism, concomitant use of MAO inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants, central nervous system diseases, pernicious anemia.

Side effect:

1. From the nervous system and sensory organs: headache; There may be cases of impaired consciousness, even loss of consciousness; breathing problems, even stopping; muscle twitching and tremors, convulsions; rarely - blurred vision, diplopia, transient blindness.
2. From the cardiovascular system and blood: rarely - arterial hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, depression of cardiovascular activity.
3. From the respiratory system: dyspnea, apnea.
4. From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting.
5. Allergic reactions: rhinitis, skin hyperemia, itching, angioedema, swelling and inflammation at the injection site; rarely - anaphylactic shock.

Interaction: The hypertensive effect can be enhanced by tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors. The drug should not be prescribed during treatment with non-selective beta-blockers due to the high risk of developing a hypertensive crisis and severe bradycardia.

Overdose:
Symptoms: dizziness, motor restlessness, impaired consciousness.
Treatment: place the patient in a horizontal position, intravenous administration of barbiturates (for muscle twitching or generalized convulsions), intravenous infusion of balanced electrolyte and water-salt solutions.

Special instructions: Do not inject into the area of ​​inflammation. In patients with cholinesterase deficiency, it can be used only for urgent indications (there is a possibility of prolonging and sometimes enhancing the effect of the drug). When removing premolars of the lower jaw in an uncomplicated stage, infiltration anesthesia gives the effect of conduction anesthesia.

Literature: Encyclopedia of Medicines 2003.