Allogeneic Inhibition

Allogeneic inhibition (from the Latin inhibere “to hold, restrain”) is the process of suppressing the growth and development of target cells as a result of exposure to antigens or antibodies that are not part of the body. This mechanism is used by the immune system to fight pathogens, tumor cells and other foreign agents.

The process of allogeneic inhibition begins with the recognition of the antigen by cells of the immune system. Then activation of lymphocytes occurs, which begin to produce antibodies directed against this antigen. These antibodies bind to an antigen on the surface of the target cell and block its function. This leads to slowing or stopping the growth and reproduction of the target cell.

Allogeneic inhibition can be used to treat various diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases and infections. In this case, antigens derived from tumor cells or microorganisms are used to activate the immune system and destroy disease-causing cells.

However, allogeneic inhibition can also cause side effects such as allergic reactions and damage to healthy cells. Therefore, before using this treatment method, it is necessary to conduct a thorough examination and evaluate the risks and benefits for each patient individually.

Introduction Allogeneic inhibition is a process in which the body's immune system reacts to a foreign antigen, suppressing its activity. In this case, the antigen becomes inactive or functionally unacceptable, which allows the body to protect itself from infection.

History of the discovery The concept of allogeneic inhibition was introduced in 1904 by Russian biologist Ilya Mechnikov. He proposed that the absence or decrease in the number of thymic lymphocytes leads to suppression of the immune system. This theory was later confirmed by research by other scientists.

Mechanism of Action Several key processes occur during allogeneic inhibition: 1. Antigen recognition: In the first stage of the immune system, the antigen is recognized by lymphocytes. This recognition can occur through various mechanisms, such as recognition of specific antigen-antibody complexes or cell antigens. 2. T cell activation: After antigen recognition, T cells begin to activate. This process involves a series of complex signal transduction cascades that mediate the release of cytotoxic substances and the secretion of cytokines that support the functioning of the immune response. 3. Suppression of Lymphocytes: As the immune system works, some lymphocytes lose their function, becoming inactive or killed. These lymphocytes include T-suppressors, whose action is to suppress the activity of target cells.

How is it happening? The process of allogeneic induction is unique to each organism, but in general it occurs as follows:

1) Lymphocytes meet the antigen. 1) The encountered lymphocytes are activated. Activated lymphocytes, in turn, release substances - chemotactic factors that stimulate other lymphocytes.