Alveolitis

Alveolitis: causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention

Alveolitis is an acute inflammation of the walls of the socket of an extracted tooth, which develops as a result of the destruction of a blood clot in the extraction wound. This pathology can be caused by infection or extraction trauma, which leads to the development of painful symptoms and can lead to complications.

Causes of alveolitis

One of the main reasons for the development of alveolitis is an infection that penetrates the wound after tooth extraction. Extraction trauma can also lead to disruption of the blood supply and destruction of the blood clot in the tooth socket, which creates conditions for the development of the inflammatory process.

Pathogenesis of alveolitis

Destruction of a blood clot in an extraction wound disrupts the healing process and creates conditions for the development of inflammation. Often the process develops before tooth extraction, which increases the risk of complications.

Symptoms of alveolitis

The main symptoms of alveolitis are severe pain, increased body temperature up to 37.5 °C and putrid breath. The gum near the edge of the socket is hyperemic, swollen, the blood clot is melted, or the socket is gaping. An x-ray may reveal bone and tooth fragments.

Treatment of alveolitis

Treatment of alveolitis should be aimed at eliminating the inflammatory process and preventing the development of complications. The main methods of treatment are curettage of the hole, its treatment with a solution of hydrogen peroxide, proteolytic enzymes and drainage. Often resort to repeated curettage.

To reduce pain symptoms, analgesics are prescribed, as well as physical therapy. The prognosis for alveolitis is usually favorable, but alveolitis pain can drag on for 2-3 weeks.

Prevention of alveolitis

To prevent the development of alveolitis, it is necessary to remove teeth in an atraumatic way, taking into account the characteristics of each case. It is also important to practice good oral hygiene and prescribe antibiotics if there is a risk of infection. If there are risk factors, it is recommended to carry out preventive measures taking into account the characteristics of each patient.

In conclusion, alveolitis is a serious problem that requires timely and competent treatment. Proper prevention and tooth extraction will help prevent the development of this pathology, and timely visit to the dentist will help avoid complications. If you suspect alveolitis, see your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.