Amphocil

Country of origin: UK
Pharm-Group: Antibiotics for the treatment of fungal diseases

Manufacturers: Zeneca (UK)
International name: Amphotericin B
Synonyms: Ambisome, Ampholip, Amphotericin B, Amphotericin B ointment, Fungizone, Fungilin
Dosage forms: lyophilized powder for the preparation of injection solution 50 mg, lyophilized powder for the preparation of injection solution 100 mg
Composition: Active ingredient - Amphotericin B.

Indications for use: Systemic mycoses - candidomycosis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, pulmonary mycoses (actinomycosis), cystitis, leishmaniasis.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe liver and kidney dysfunction, diseases of the hematopoietic system, diabetes mellitus, breastfeeding. Restrictions on use: Pregnancy.

Side effect:

1. From the nervous system and sensory organs: headache, polyneuropathy, blurred vision, diplopia.
2. From the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): arterial hypo- or hypertension, arrhythmia, ECG changes, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
3. From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain, decreased appetite, increased activity of liver enzymes.
4. From the genitourinary system: impaired renal function, incl. increased serum creatinine concentration, proteinuria, azotemia, acidosis.
5. Allergic reactions: skin rash, itching, Quincke's edema, bronchospasm (during inhalation).
6. Other: increased body temperature, chills, disturbances in the electrolyte composition of the blood, incl. hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia; thrombophlebitis at the injection site; during inhalation - sore throat, cough, runny nose; when applied topically, allergic reactions are possible.

Interaction: May enhance the effect of cardiac glycosides and curare-like muscle relaxants. Incompatible with nephrotoxic antibiotics and antitumor drugs.

Overdose: Symptoms: increased side effects, possible cardiac and respiratory arrest. Treatment: symptomatic.

Special instructions: During treatment, systematic monitoring of kidney function, liver function, blood composition and potassium levels in the blood is necessary. If symptoms of anemia appear, treatment with amphotericin B should be discontinued.

Literature: Encyclopedia of Medicines 2004