The desire to maintain a blooming appearance is inherent in every woman. Various procedures for facial rejuvenation by a cosmetologist have been developed and are successfully used. An experienced specialist will analyze the condition of the skin and select a technique taking into account individual characteristics: age, type of dermis, presence of problems. This approach is designed to ensure maximum effect.
It is advisable not to postpone your visit to the salon or clinic until the distant future. The longer you delay, the more time, effort and material costs will need to be invested to correct the situation. The skin is exposed to daily damage from—for poor care, bad habits, stress, lack of sleep, atmospheric factors, etc.
Which facial rejuvenation procedures are more effective?
Cosmetic procedures for facial rejuvenation using different techniques. They are used both separately and in combination with each other to achieve maximum effectiveness.
The radical method is plastic surgery. However, for a quick effect you will have to pay for a long period of rehabilitation, pain, and a high risk of complications.
Injections of special components can cope with the task. The skin receives a cocktail that ensures its healing, acceleration of metabolic processes, and launch of the regeneration mechanism. It’s nice that after the session there is no long recovery required, discomfort is absent or minimized.
The hardware action stimulates the production of collagen and elastin under the influence of electric current, ultrasonic waves, laser, light and heat rays. This type of rejuvenation has virtually no contraindications, combines well with other techniques, and does not cause discomfort.
Peeling frees the dermis from dead cells, which helps restore normal metabolism, activate collagen synthesis, smooth out wrinkles, and cleanse pores.
Massage is considered the most pleasant procedure, but requires regularity and high qualifications of the performer. With its help, the flow of lymph and blood returns to normal, the tissues are saturated with oxygen. The tone increases, wrinkles are smoothed out, the frame is strengthened, the contour is restored.
Cosmetics in the form of masks, scrubs, intensive serums, creams are designed to maintain youthful and healthy skin and protect against external factors.
How to choose a procedure, expert advice
Without outside help, it is difficult for an ignorant person to understand the numerous methods offered by clinics or salons.
It is worth deciding which procedure is best to do to achieve facial rejuvenation with the help of a specialist.
According to professionals, the palm goes to Botox and hyaluronic acid injections. The effect is noticeable immediately after the end of the session.
Mesotherapy does not give such an instant result. In this case, much depends on the choice of drug.
Hardware methods aimed at maintaining youth have proven themselves to be quite good. Among them, the following stand out: plasma lifting, LPG—massage. Regular use makes it possible to delay the onset of senile changes. They can boast of well-deserved popularity: photorejuvenation, ozone therapy, thermage.
Inexpensive facial rejuvenation procedures
The cost of the technique is not always directly proportional to the effectiveness. Therefore, when choosing a procedure, you should not rely only on the price of facial rejuvenation in salons. It would be wise to trust the opinion of a specialist.
Mesotherapy allows you to cope not only with wrinkles, but also helps to improve the health of the skin and slow down aging. Depending on the composition of the cocktail, the cost of lifting ranges from 3 to 7.5 thousand rubles. Long-term results are achieved after 4-10 procedures.
Laser exposure is a popular method due to its affordable cost and effectiveness. With its help, the synthesis of collagen fibers in the body is enhanced, restoration processes are launched, and a layer of keratinized dermis is removed, which interferes with normal breathing and nutrition of the skin. The course consists of 8-12 sessions and costs about 20-30 thousand rubles.
The essence of the ultrasound technique is massage and stimulation of the deep layers of the dermis under the influence of a wave of a certain frequency. Visible changes occur after the first session. By performing 2 to 5 procedures, you can smooth out even deep wrinkles. For a course of treatment you will have to pay from 25 to 35 thousand rubles.
Peelings
The principle of peeling is to remove the layer of epidermal cells. This promotes regeneration and renewal of the skin. The result is alignment, smoothing, and increased elasticity. Such facial procedures can rejuvenate, the best options: chemical, laser, mechanical.
According to the degree of depth, peelings are divided into deep, superficial and medium.
Keratoregulating peeling
The procedure is intended for oily, problematic skin of the superficial type. The components included in the exfoliant cope with acne and its consequences, pigmentation, inflammation, cleanse pores, normalize the amount of secretion, smooth out wrinkles. We can say that aesthetic rejuvenation of the face is taking place.
A similar effect is provided by the basic components:
- glycolic acid;
- salicylic acid;
- plant extracts;
- hormones of natural origin;
- zinc-containing compounds;
- vitamins.
At the end of the session, the skin is soothed with a mask, which promotes faster recovery. Finally, a cream is selected for comprehensive care during the rehabilitation period.
Course use involves performing from 7 to 10 sessions with an interval of at least a week between them. It is allowed to use the method a maximum of 2 times a year.
Chemical peeling
The mechanism of the procedure is the formation of a controlled burn under the influence of natural or synthesized acids. As a result of injury, the regeneration process at the cellular level is launched, the synthesis of collagen and elastin is enhanced, nutrition and oxygen saturation are improved. At the same time, pores are cleansed and tightened, wrinkles are smoothed, and skin texture and tone are evened out.
Depending on the main active component, the following types of exfoliation are distinguished:
- glycolic;
- almond;
- salicylic;
- dairy;
- retinoic;
- Jessner;
- TCA;
- phenolic, etc.
The choice of drug is influenced by the degree of age-related changes.
- In the absence and insignificant number of wrinkles, superficial peeling is used.
- If the problem clearly manifests itself during the movement of facial muscles, median exfoliation is recommended.
- In cases where wrinkles are noticeable even in a relaxed state, uneven pigmentation is observed, dilatation of capillaries is indicated by a medium or deep method of treatment.
- Only deep peeling can get rid of a large number of pronounced senile changes.
Microdermabrasion
The technique involves removing dead cells with appropriately cut diamond crystals. At the same time, a vacuum massage occurs. The skin is cleansed well and gets a boost to renewal.
Depending on the type of dermis and the problem area, a nozzle is selected from 10 possible, with particles of a certain size. The surface of the face is treated with light movements, following the massage lines. The keratinized particles are captured in a special container.
After complete recovery (5-8 days), you can notice the following improvements:
- smoothing wrinkles;
- increased elasticity;
- relief leveling.
However, you need to be prepared that up to 12 weeks the face retains a reddish or pink tint, which gradually loses intensity.
Injections to prolong youth
Injection therapy helps to achieve a quick effect. This explains the high popularity of this facial rejuvenation procedure. Nutrient and fixative cocktails are precisely injected into the tissue. In general, the procedure does not cause severe pain, but there is the possibility of anesthesia for those with increased sensitivity.
There are several methods of injection lifting: mesotherapy, Botox, contour improvement using fillers or stem cells, etc.
Mesotherapy
During the session, active substances and vitamins are injected into the skin to a depth of 0.6 mm. Microinjections are performed in large quantities with special thin needles, covering the entire problem area. This allows useful components to be fully delivered to their destination. The cosmetologist selects the composition individually, from more than 100 options, depending on the needs of the dermis. The result of the procedure does not occur immediately, but after some time.
The mesotherapy procedure, according to experts, is considered the most effective method of facial rejuvenation. A course consisting of 4 to 10 sessions will help you achieve lasting results.
Botox
Using injections, botulinum toxin is injected into the area of facial wrinkles, which helps block nerve impulses. The muscles are completely immobilized, which leads to smoother skin. The achieved effect lasts for four months. After the muscles regain the ability to contract, it is worth repeating the treatment.
For health purposes, it is recommended to combine Botox with injections of hyaluronic acid and vitamin complexes.
The technique is often chosen by women who have crossed the forty-year mark. It is advisable to use it in such cases:
- pronounced eyebrow wrinkles;
- "crow's feet";
- nasolabial folds.
Contour plastic with fillers
The method consists of subcutaneous injection of compounds based on hyaluronic acid, which is a physiological component of tissue. The shape, volume, wrinkles, scars, asymmetry can be corrected, and the degree of moisture in the epidermis is normalized. The advantage of contour plastic surgery is:
- ease of execution;
- short session duration;
- absence of allergic reactions;
- painlessness;
- affordable price
The procedure is often used in combination with hardware.
Preparations with hyaluronic acid have a gel-like consistency, which allows them to successfully fill subcutaneous cavities.
The peculiarity of the technique is the prohibition of tension in the facial muscles.
Stem cells
With age, the body loses reserves of stem cells, which have a unique ability to self-renew. After a thorough examination, adipose tissue is collected and biomaterial is multiplied. Some unclaimed cells can be frozen at low temperatures.
The procedure is performed using injections under local anesthesia, and releases the body's hidden reserves. The method is used to rejuvenate the face, neck, and décolleté.
The first positive changes appear after a few weeks.
Hardware procedures for rejuvenation
The best cosmetic procedures for facial rejuvenation include types of lifting, which are carried out using special devices.
Radiofrequency lifting
The facial skin rejuvenation procedure using electromagnetic waves is a safe method. During the session, the inner layers are heated, which promotes the formation of new collagen fibers and strengthens the muscle frame. At the same time, blood and lymph circulation, oxygen saturation improves, and toxins are eliminated. The result is noticeable after the first session and has an increasing effect.
Photorejuvenation
The essence of the method is the action of light pulses, which affects the deep layers of the dermis. As a result, collagen production accelerates, which prevents further aging of the skin, restores healthy color, and smoothes wrinkles. With the help of photorejuvenation, you can get rid of acne and a pronounced network of capillaries.
Biorevitalization
A facelift is performed with hyaluronic acid. Its delivery is carried out using special devices or injections. Particularly popular are techniques that do not injure the skin. In this case, a low molecular weight compound is used. The following types of procedures are distinguished:
- cryo;
- laser;
- iontophoresis;
- magnetophoresis;
- using oxygen.
The effect of a course of 3-5 sessions intensifies over several weeks and lasts from 4 to 8 months. To maintain the result, perform 2-3 procedures every 4 months.
Plasmolifting
The method is based on the delivery of plasma isolated from the patient’s blood into the subcutaneous layer up to 3 mm deep. This leads to increased activity of stem cells. The effect will be provided by a course of 4-5 sessions with an interval of 2 weeks.
The facial rejuvenation procedure at the cellular level can be used solo or combined with other techniques.
Ozone therapy
This type of procedure helps saturate the dermis with oxygen.—ozone mixture. It is administered using injections. The result is increased blood circulation, acceleration of metabolic reactions, synthesis of collagen and elastin. Users note:
- smoothing wrinkles;
- strengthening the muscle frame;
- return of a fresh shade;
- increased elasticity.
Massage and stimulation
Speaking about the most effective procedures designed for facial rejuvenation, one should not discount massage and special types of gymnastics. With their help, it is possible to correct many age-related problems.
Myostimulation
Direct exposure of the skin to electrical current leads to muscle contractions. This stimulates accelerated blood flow, normalizing metabolic reactions in the body. At the same time, the tone of the dermis improves and wrinkles are smoothed out. The course includes from 10 to 15 sessions, which are conducted daily. You can notice visible changes after 4 procedures.
The technique is recommended for women over 40 years of age, but it can also be used at an earlier age.
LPG facial massage
Using a special device, a vacuum is applied to the skin—plucking action. The procedure is reminiscent of manual massage, but with greater efficiency.
By completing the full course you can achieve the following:
- wrinkle removal;
- jowl lift;
- elimination of double chin;
- lifting in the eyelid area;
- improvement of contours.
With maintenance therapy, the achieved effect lasts for 6 months.
Other popular techniques
Cosmetology does not stand still and is constantly adding to the list of anti-aging products.
Elos rejuvenation
The complex influence of electric current and light makes it possible to act on deep layers. Due to this, the production of collagen and elastin is enhanced. In addition to the anti-aging effect, modern techniques are also aimed at eliminating pigmentation, treating acne, the effects of acne, enlarged pores, etc.
The course consists of 7-10 sessions, in advanced cases their number can reach 15. The achieved state lasts from 1 to 1.5 years, depending on the individual characteristics of the dermis.
Oxygen therapy
Beneficial substances enter the skin due to an increase in the partial pressure of oxygen. The technique is applicable for people with different skin types of any age category.
It is recommended for smoothing facial wrinkles, fighting acne, deep moisturizing, eliminating dark circles, and improving the condition of aging skin.
Bioreinforcement
Another method of skin rejuvenation is carried out using injections along certain lines. This approach allows you to recreate a frame from thin threads filled with gel. It is based on hyaluronic or polylactic acid.
It is recommended to undergo at least 3 sessions to ensure lasting results for six months.
Anti-aging masks
You should not give up such anti-aging cosmetology as face masks. They are definitely included in the complex of skin care measures.
From a large number of options, it is easy to select recipes or products according to the individual needs of the epidermis. It is recommended to pamper your skin 1-2 times a week to provide it with nutrition and hydration.
Reviews of cosmetic procedures
Comments from those who have already tried various methods for rejuvenation are sometimes contradictory.
This, for example, applies to laser treatments and the Elos technique. The final result is greatly influenced by the professionalism of the performer, the condition of the equipment, and the characteristics of the patient’s skin.
The best procedure for facial rejuvenation after 40 years, as confirmed by reviews, is Botox. The technique has been used for many years, and still does not lose its position.
Contouring also has a good reputation among women as a rejuvenation procedure. Clients especially like the quick effect.
There are fans of chemical exfoliation, but it is best used for the initial signs of aging.
Masks made from natural ingredients, factory-made products and pharmaceutical preparations have many fans. Regular use is an excellent preventative measure, and in addition, special gymnastics should be included.
Video: Review of popular cosmetic procedures 25+
Conclusion
The issue of preserving youth is relevant at all times. Fortunately, our contemporaries have at their disposal a large number of progressive techniques and care products. But don’t forget about physical activity, proper nutrition, drinking enough water and vitamins to delay the onset of old age as much as possible.
Today, modern cosmetology offers many effective methods to preserve the beauty and health of facial skin for as long as possible. Comode talks about the most popular procedures for rejuvenating and improving skin condition.
LPG facial massage
LPG massage technology was originally intended to correct the female figure. Having seen successful results in the fight against cellulite, the creators of the technology decided to develop a similar device that would affect the skin of the face, neck and décolleté. Now the device has three methods of influence: “Cosmechanics”, “Liftmassage” and “Endermolift”. Each method affects its own area of the face and neck.
How the procedure is carried out: A special massage stimulates skin cells to destroy old collagen and synthesize new one. The technology is based on the principles of plastic massage, which is traditionally done manually. The skin on our face is quite thin and delicate, and wrinkles, on the contrary, require deep treatment. With manual massage, it is difficult not to injure the skin and at the same time act on it effectively and deeply. And LPG massage can achieve such a “golden mean”. The massage attachment is a small chamber into which a skin fold is drawn under vacuum. Inside the chamber, the skin is exposed. To achieve more tangible results, it is necessary to conduct 10-20 sessions, the results of which will be visible within six months.
Indications for the procedure: This massage will be beneficial for any woman over 25 years old.
- Loose and sagging skin
- Double chin and subcutaneous fat in the face
- Post-acne, scars and enlarged pores
Results: Lifting and acquiring a clearer facial contour, reducing the volume of fat deposits on the face, reducing facial wrinkles, regulating the functioning of the sebaceous glands, treating hematomas (bruises) and infiltrates, reducing swelling.
Recovery process: After the procedure is completed, you may observe slight swelling and hyperemia (redness) - this is a normal reaction of the body to LPG massage. Symptoms disappear on the same day, sometimes after 1-2 days.
Price: 8000-15000 tenge.
Radiofrequency lifting
Radiolifting is another hardware method of skin rejuvenation without surgery.
How the procedure is carried out: The essence of the method is that radio waves penetrate the skin using a special device. First, a special cream is applied to the face, which numbs the nerve endings, and then the doctor uses a radio frequency instrument to treat those areas of the skin whose appearance needs to be improved. The radio waves emitted by the instrument pass through the outer layers of the skin and deliver thermal energy to the muscles and soft tissues. Heat causes these layers to contract, which promotes increased collagen production.
Indications for the procedure: Lifting can be performed from the age of 25, but the procedure is ideal for the middle age group, 35-55 years old. Radiolifting can be done in any season. This method of skin rejuvenation is suitable not only for women, but also for men.
- Skin withering
- Descent of facial tissues
- Sagging areas of skin and hypodermis (subcutaneous fat), changing the contours of the oval of the face
- Wrinkles around the eyes, crow's feet
- Deep expression wrinkles in the area of the nasolabial triangle, on the forehead
- Scars after acne
Results: Lifting creates an even contour of the face, improves its color and eliminates expression wrinkles. Among the main advantages of this method are harmlessness to the body, painlessness, and absence of inflammation.
Recovery process: Light redness on the skin is acceptable, which disappears within 15 minutes after the procedure.
Price: 8000-15000 tenge.
Biorevitalization
Biorevitalization involves eliminating skin imperfections by saturating its deep layers with hyaluronic acid.
How the procedure is carried out: Hyaluronic acid is a panacea for maximum skin hydration. Before injections, the skin is cleansed of makeup, dust and sebum. Injection biorevitalization takes no more than an hour and is carried out using a thin needle or a special injector. The drug is administered intradermally until a small papule forms. Despite the small diameter of the needle, the procedure can cause discomfort, therefore, in case of increased sensitivity or a low pain threshold, the area of treatment is preliminarily lubricated with lidocaine cream, which provides local anesthesia.
Indications for the procedure:
- Dehydrated skin
- Fading skin
- Decreased skin tone and elasticity
- Wrinkles
- Skin photoaging, prevention of premature aging
- Preparation for chemical peels and laser resurfacing
- Rehabilitation after chemical peels, laser resurfacing, microdermabrasion and plastic surgery
- Correction of scars and stretch marks
Results: The biorevitalization procedure provides hydration at a deeper level. After a full course of these procedures, the effect lasts for six months, and sometimes more. The procedure can be performed either by injection using needles or using low-intensity laser radiation. The first procedure is more effective, the second is more comfortable. But both procedures definitely have a magical effect on the skin.
Recovery process: The rehabilitation period takes an average of 3 days; after the procedure, white papules are observed, and there may be minor hematomas.
Price: 20000-50000 tenge.
Bioreinforcement
Bio-reinforcement of the face is another technique aimed at lifting the face and improving the oval of the face.
How the procedure is carried out: The skin is reinforced with stabilized acid gels along vector lines under local anesthesia. This procedure is performed every 2-3 weeks 3 or 4 times. As a result, facial lifting is formed by reducing the extensibility of the skin, saturation and hydration of the skin due to the effect of hyaluronic acid on it, the face “straightens out” and becomes fresh, and the quality of the skin improves.
Indications for the procedure: Since bioreinforcement of the face involves the fight against age-related changes in the skin, experts recommend that women who are already 35 years old, but not yet 50, apply to it. Within this age range, this procedure will have maximum effectiveness.
- Drooping corners of the mouth or eyes, eyebrows
- Sagging skin folds
- Deep nasolabial folds
- Blurry contours of the chin and lower jaw
Results: Active lifting; correction of wrinkles (elimination of small and smoothing of deep folds); effective modeling of the oval face.
Recovery period: Usually, after the session, the patient quickly returns to the usual rhythm of life: slight swelling, redness of the skin and swelling disappear within 5-7 days.
Price: 50000-70000 tenge.
Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion is a peeling treatment that combines the removal of dead skin cells with laser-cut diamond crystals and vacuum massage to cleanse and stimulate skin renewal.
How the procedure is carried out: Diamond-coated nozzles of various calibers and degrees of coating are used. The attachments are selected depending on the skin type - dry, oily, combination - and the area being treated: forehead, eyelids, neck, décolleté. M microdermabrasion is carried out on a special device using vacuum and unique diamond-coated attachments, with the help of which the superficial keratinized layers of the skin are removed in the most delicate way with light massage movements, stimulating the growth of new young cells, while improving blood circulation and launching the mechanism of intensive production of collagen and elastin.
Indications for the procedure: Microdermabrasion is performed to remove minor defects in the surface layer of the skin.
- Dull, withered skin
- Oily skin with enlarged pores
- Scars and stretch marks on the body
- Acne
- Scars and acne scars
- Fine wrinkles, age-related changes
Results: The texture and tone of the face are evened out. Helps activate the synthesis of elastin and collagen, increasing skin firmness and elasticity.
Recovery period: Typically, the period after microderabrasion takes an average of 5 to 8 days. The renewed skin has a reddish or pink color that lasts for 6-12 weeks. Gradually the skin of the face turns pale.
Price: 7000-10000 tenge.
Keratoregulating peeling
This is a superficial peeling for problematic skin.
How the procedure is carried out: The peeling composition includes glycolic and salicylic acids, plant extracts and vitamins. Keratoregulating peeling is carried out in several stages: first, the facial skin is cleansed, disinfected and degreased with a special gel, which is washed off with plain water. Next, a hydrogel containing salicylic acid is applied to the skin. This has an additional antiseptic effect, relieves inflammation, and soothes the tissues before the procedure. It takes no more than two minutes to absorb the hydrogel. Then the main peeling composition is applied to the face in an even layer. The product holding time is 10 minutes. After this, the base is washed off with cold water, and the face is thoroughly dried. After aggressive exposure, a mask is applied according to your skin type. The main purpose of the mask is to soothe the tissues and prepare the face for a quick recovery. To complete the session, a specialized cream is applied, selected taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s epidermis.
Indications for the procedure:
- Pore blockage with sebaceous plugs, black and white dots
- Seborrheic skin
- Acne
- Acne
- Hyperpigmentation
- Inflammation and suppuration of hair follicles on the face
Results: Narrowing of pores, evening out complexion, improving skin structure, cellular respiration of the skin, getting rid of unpleasant peeling, softening the skin.
Recovery process: The specialist who performed the procedure is obliged to select comprehensive and complete facial care, based on the characteristics of the epidermis and the severity of the problem. Recovery time depends on how strictly the cosmetologist’s recommendations are followed. Drugs are most often prescribed from the same line that was used for the procedure. Rehabilitation cosmetics should not contain essential oils and aloe juice.
Price: 10000-15000 tenge.
Photorejuvenation
Photorejuvenation, or IPL therapy, is one of the most famous and popular techniques in hardware cosmetology, an effective method for correcting signs of photoaging: a network of fine wrinkles, pigmentation, spider veins.
How the procedure is carried out: The therapeutic effect is provided by broad-spectrum light passing through a small, smooth, transparent tip, which is carefully placed on the skin. Light penetrates the tissue and is absorbed by hemoglobin in the treatment of vascular lesions or melanin in the treatment of pigmented formations, coagulating them. The body's natural processes remove damaged tissue and return the skin to a more uniform and youthful appearance.
Indications for the procedure:
- Pigmentation removal
- Removal of spider veins, skin redness
- Improved complexion
- Removal of fine wrinkles
- Narrowing of enlarged pores
- Freckles
Results: Allows you to quickly, effectively and safely eliminate external signs of skin aging, pigmentation disorders, capillary network and wrinkles.
Recovery process: After the procedure, a slight pinkish tint will appear on the treated area, which will go away after a few hours. The procedure does not require adherence to a home regime - you can immediately return to your normal lifestyle.
Price: from 10,000 to 20,000 tenge.
What is face lifting and skin tightening? The lifting procedure is designed to tighten the skin of both the face and the entire body. Today, this is one of the most popular cosmetic procedures, but also the most effective for skin rejuvenation.
There are dozens of lifting methods. These can be either simpler, non-surgical methods of skin tightening in a salon or at home, or surgical plastic surgery. They all differ in the way they affect the skin.
The main task of lifting is not just to hide, but to remove all imperfections and age-related changes in the skin. Using such procedures you can achieve the following results:
- deep healing and rejuvenation of the skin;
- smoothing of superficial wrinkles – facial or age-related;
- increased elastin production;
- double chin removal;
- activation of the production of your own collagen, which will lead to increased firmness and elasticity of the skin;
- get clearer and more pronounced facial contours and their design;
- remove yellowness and grayness of the face;
- get rid of age-related pigmentation;
- eliminate dryness and sagging, irritation and flaking, drying out of the skin.
Like any cosmetic procedure, lifting has its own indications and contraindications, and you need to be careful about this.
Face lifting is appropriate in the following cases:
- the appearance of wrinkles and folds;
- loss of skin elasticity;
- sagging skin;
- age-related decline and aging;
- fuzzy and blurry jawline;
- presence of a fatty bag under the chin;
- weakness of the subcutaneous neck muscles;
- weakness of the fat layer in the chin and submandibular region.
Contraindications to this method of rejuvenation include:
- age under 25 years;
- allergy to one or several components of the lifting product;
- excess weight or cellulite;
- rehabilitation period after facial plastic surgery (not earlier than 6 months);
- scratches, open wounds;
- dermatological and vascular diseases of the skin.
Among the most common lifting methods are the following.
Ultrasound is a non-surgical procedure for those who do not want to “go under the knife.” It is ultrasonic lifting that affects not the surface layer, but the underlying muscular aponeurotic layer, which is responsible for the elasticity of the skin and the firmness of the facial contour.