Country of origin - India
Pharm-Group - H1-histamine receptor blockers
Manufacturers - Torrent Pharmaceuticals (India)
International name - Astemizole
Synonyms - Astemizole, Astemisan, Gismanal, Histazol, Gistalong, Mibiron, Stelert, Stemiz
Dosage forms - tablets 10 mg
Composition - Active ingredient - astemizole.
Indications for use - Allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic skin reactions (chronic idiopathic urticaria, etc.), skin itching, angioedema (treatment and prevention), bronchial asthma (auxiliary therapy).
Contraindications - Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, breastfeeding, early childhood (up to 2 years). Restrictions on use: prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG, hypokalemia, severe liver dysfunction.
Side effects - From the nervous system and sensory organs: weakness, headache, drowsiness, in some cases - dizziness, nervousness, mood disorders, insomnia, nightmares, paresthesia, convulsions, rarely - depression, conjunctivitis. From the cardiovascular system: hypotension, palpitations, at high doses - ventricular arrhythmias, hematopoietic disorders (fatigue or weakness, sore throat, increased body temperature, bleeding or hemorrhage). From the gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, increased appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, rarely - increased activity of liver transaminases, hepatitis. Allergic reactions: rarely - rash, itching, angioedema, bronchospasm, anaphylactoid reactions. Other: photosensitivity, weight gain, myalgia, arthralgia, rarely - pharyngitis.
Interaction - Imidazole antifungals (ketoconazole, intraconazole, miconazole, etc.), macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin, troleandomycin), metronidazole, quinine, mibefradil reduce the rate of biotransformation. It is not recommended to combine with HIV protease inhibitors and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Drugs that prolong the QT interval (antiarrhythmic drugs, terfenadine, tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, calcium channel blockers, etc.) potentiate cardiotoxicity. May mask the ototoxic effects of other drugs. Increases the side effects of photosensitizing agents.
Overdose - Symptoms: ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, convulsions, cardiac or respiratory arrest. Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage, taking activated charcoal, saline laxatives; ECG monitoring, symptomatic and supportive therapy, if necessary - in
Special instructions - It is not recommended to take grapefruit juice at the same time (inhibits metabolism and increases concentration in the blood). Use caution in patients with kidney disease, impaired electrolyte metabolism, and receiving non-potassium-sparing diuretics. Patients with lower respiratory tract diseases should be warned about the potential anticholinergic effects. Use with caution to treat patients whose work requires increased attention and speed of physical reactions. It is recommended to discontinue use at least 4 weeks before allergen skin testing.
Literature - Encyclopedia of Medicines 2004.