Atrioventricular Foramen Left

The left atrioventricular opening (ostium atrioventriculare sinistrum) is the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. It allows blood to pass from the left atrium to the left ventricle during ventricular diastole (relaxation).

The left atrioventricular orifice is located in the lower part of the interatrial septum. The mitral valve passes through it, consisting of two leaflets that open during diastole and close the opening during systole (contraction) of the left ventricle. This prevents blood from flowing back from the ventricle into the atrium.

Pathologies of the left atrioventricular orifice, such as congenital mitral valve defects, can lead to regurgitation (backflow of blood), heart failure and other complications. Therefore, it is important to promptly diagnose and treat disorders in this area of ​​the heart.

**The atrioventricular cavity is an anatomical formation of the heart through which direct contact occurs between the atria and ventricles. Both openings are bicuspid and semilunar, have a triangular shape.**

*The left atrioventricular orifice is called the AV ampulla, since it is localized in the region of the posterolateral wall of the left atrium closer to the fossa ovale.* *Right atrioventricular - (oval saccular)* **AV ampulla consists of the vestibule, the middle membrane and half-charitet valve.** The two walls of the vestibule frame the right and left valves. The receding vestibules together form the labial valve of the left part of the vestibule. The ventricular AV valve is located in the right wall of the aorta (anterior interventricular vein).

**The size of the hole depends on the age of the organism. The heart muscle contains valves of the heart cavities that prevent the reverse flow of blood. They close in diastole. The valve leaflets have openings for the passage of blood flow. Where they intersect are the semilunar valves. They rest on the sphincter ring and are mobile relative to the valves.** *The closing and opening of the semilunar valves occurs synchronously. This is due to the presence between them of a muscular ligamentous plate - a tendon center. * When the heart muscle contracts, the valves of the venous channels close, and a lift is formed above the valves. When the ventricles relax, the cusps of the semilunar cusps close the aorta and pulmonary trunk. The blood flow is directed from the ventricular cavity to the arteries of the systemic circulation.

The cavity of the heart is the department