Baroreceptor, Baroceptor

Baroreceptor, Baroceptor - branching free sensory nerve endings that record changes in intravascular blood pressure. The main receptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch; others are found in the walls of large arteries and veins, as well as in the wall of the heart muscle. Impulses from these receptors reach centers located in the medulla oblongata and other structures of the central nervous system, and from there, through the autonomic nerves, the impulses of the autonomic nervous system travel to the heart and blood vessels, regulating the frequency and strength of heart contractions and pressure in the peripheral blood vessels.

Baroreceptors are special receptors that are found in blood vessels and the heart. They respond to changes in blood pressure and transmit signals to the central nervous system, which regulates heart rate, blood vessel pressure, and other body functions.

Baroreceptors can be located in different places, for example, in the carotid sinuses, aortic arch, large arteries and veins, and on the walls of the heart muscle. When blood pressure increases or decreases, baroreceptors send signals to the central nervous system. These signals regulate heart rate, dilate or constrict blood vessels, and increase or decrease blood pressure.

In medical practice, baroreceptor activity can be used to diagnose and treat various diseases, such as hypertension, hypotension, heart failure, circulatory disorders and others. In addition, baroreceptors play an important role in regulating blood pressure in healthy people.

However, in some people, baroreceptor signals can be disrupted, leading to various diseases such as hypertension or hypotension. In this case, treatment may include lifestyle changes, drug therapy, and surgical methods.

Thus, baroreceptors are an important element in the regulation of blood pressure in the human body. Their activity plays an important role in maintaining the health and functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Baroreceptors or baroceptors are nerve receptors located in the branches of the aorta, at the sites of division into small vessels, or directly in the tissues of the heart. In this case, the tissues should not have muscle fibers - the pressure in all vessels is maintained only due to the difference in diameter in different vessels - these are the laws of hemodynamics or hydrodynamics.

Baroreceptors sense changes in pressure. They are called baroreactive or pressoreceptors. With an increase in pressure in the blood and the intravascular sector of the baroreceptors, the receptors begin to transmit a signal to increase the force of heart contraction. Thus, the heart begins to beat faster, ensuring a normal level of pressure in the body. When there is a decrease in pressure in the arteries and veins, the baroreceptors are activated to an increasingly weaker degree and the arrival of signals helps to reduce the heart rate. The baroreceptive ring is a regulator of the contractile activity of internal organs and the homeostasis of substances in the vessels of the brain.

There are 2 types of baroreceptors in the human body:

1. Hematogenous-ganglionic - lie on the inner lining of the vessels and are located in the interval from the inferior vena cava to the superior vena cava. The end of the spindle ending in a hematoma extended receptor protruding beyond the vessel onto its inner lining. This type of neuron is sensitive to fluctuations in blood pressure. As a rule, these receptor sites are encapsulated, but during inflammatory changes they become easily accessible to hemorrhage. 4 branches extend from each receptor. The two thinnest, with a diameter of about 0.5 microns,