Skull Facial

The facial skull is the part of the skull that is located in the front of the head and contains the digestive and respiratory organs. It consists of several bones that form a cavity to house organs.

The facial skull has the shape of a hemisphere and consists of two parts: upper and lower. The upper part of the facial skull is called the facial part, and the lower part is called the floor of the mouth. The facial skull is connected to other parts of the skull through openings called the jugular foramina and mastoid foramina.

Inside the facial skull are the digestive and respiratory organs, such as the tongue, larynx, trachea, esophagus, stomach, intestines and lungs. They are covered with muscles and ligaments that allow them to move and function. In addition, the facial skull also contains vessels and nerves that provide blood supply and innervation to organs.

The functions of the facial skull include protecting the digestive and respiratory organs from external influences, as well as ensuring their movement and function. The facial skull also plays an important role in the formation of voice and speech, as it contains the larynx and other organs involved in the production of sounds.

Thus, the facial skull is an important part of the human body, which ensures the normal functioning of the digestive and respiratory organs, and also participates in the formation of voice and speech.

**The facial skull** is the part of the skull that contains large paired endocrine glands, as well as small salivary glands

The first bone that forms the facial skull is the sphenoid bone. It is the only bone present only in the facial skull. The bases of the carotid artery and internal jugular vein are attached to the sphenoid bone. In the lateral wall of this bone there is a large hole and two smaller holes - round and oval, intended for the entrance of nerves. Above the smaller oval-shaped opening is a small anterior vesicular sinus. It is a lymphatic drainage airway that is an anteriorly facing and apically located pocket formation located along the anterior margin of the middle nasal meatus. From this sinus, lymph flows into the pharyngeal, pterygoid and other lymph nodes. The cochlear concha, or auditory recess, is another lymphatic often affected by the synanthropic lymphatic rocket. It is located at the base of the auricle, along its posterior edge, and has a canal that rises into the nasal passage and opens into the sphenoid sinus of the upper jaw. The large and small salivary ducts open into the tympanic cavity, where both ends are inside the soft palate. Lymph from the salivary glands, including the minor salivary grooves and ducts, drains into the pharyngeal, mastoid, lingual and other subclinical lymph groups, which are contained in the pontine region of the head. The salivary glands connect to the sinuses, but do not communicate directly with the cavities of the mouth and pharynx. Both the posterior (buccal) and anterior (temporal) glands are paired, while the minor glands are generally considered single-paired.

Numerous fascial and interfascial septa can separate the oral mucosa from the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, choanae, middle ear, tympanic cavities and recesses. In the parietal component of the frontal surface of the nose, the buccal glands are adjacent to the grille and the base of the frontal bone, but are separated by mucous membrane. Each vestibular-tympanic prominence includes the posterior alar, temporal, posterior auricular, parotid and greater glutae