Clay

Country of origin: India
Pharm-Group: Antidiabetic agents - sulfonylurea derivatives

Manufacturers: YUSV Limited (India)
International name: Glipizide
Synonyms: Antidiab, Glibenez, Glibenez-retard, Glucotrol HL, Minidiab
Dosage forms: 5 mg tablets
Composition: Active substance: Glipizide.
Indications for use: Diabetes mellitus type 2 in the absence of the effect of a low-calorie diet, adequate physical activity, etc.; diabetic microangiopathy.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic coma, juvenile diabetes mellitus type 1, fever, trauma, surgery, pregnancy, breastfeeding.
Side effect:

1. For the slow-acting form of glipizide: From the nervous system and sensory organs: dizziness, headache, insomnia, drowsiness, anxiety, depression, confusion, gait disturbance, paresthesia, hyperesthesia, blurred vision, eye pain, conjunctivitis, retinal hemorrhage . From the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): syncope, arrhythmia, arterial hypertension, feeling of hot flashes. Metabolism: hypoglycemia. From the gastrointestinal tract: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region, dyspepsia, constipation, blood in the stool. From the skin: rash, urticaria, itching. From the respiratory system: rhinitis, pharyngitis, dyspnea. From the genitourinary system: dysuria, decreased libido. Other: thirst, trembling, peripheral edema, non-localized pain throughout the body, arthralgia, myalgia, convulsions, sweating.
2. For the fast-acting form of glipizide: From the nervous system and sensory organs: headache, dizziness, drowsiness. From the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): leukopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, hemolytic or aplastic anemia. Metabolism: diabetes insipidus, hyponatremia, porphyrin disease. From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, pain in the epigastric region, constipation, cholestatic hepatitis (yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera, discoloration of stools and darkening of urine, pain in the right hypochondrium). From the skin: erythema, maculopapular rashes, urticaria, photosensitivity. Other: increased concentrations of LDH, alkaline phosphatase, indirect bilirubin.

Interaction:

1. Efficiency is weakened by minerals and glucocorticoids, amphetamines, anticonvulsants (hydrantin derivatives), asparaginase, baclofen, calcium antagonists, carboanhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide), chlortalidon, oral contraceptives, epinephrine, ethakrinic acid, furomide, glucagon, salicilatees, thiazidal dys Soretii, thyroid hormones glands, triamterene and other drugs that cause hyperglycemia.
2. Anabolic steroids and androgens enhance hypoglycemic activity.
3. Indirect anticoagulants, NSAIDs, chloramphenicol, clofibrate, guanethidine, MAO inhibitors, probenecid, sulfonamides, rifampicin increase the concentration of the free fraction in the blood (due to displacement from connection with plasma proteins) and accelerate biotransformation.
4. Ketonazole, miconazole, sulfinpyrazone block inactivation and increase hypoglycemia.
5. Alcohol may lead to the development of disulfiram-like syndrome (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache).
6. Antithyroid and myelotoxic drugs increase the likelihood of developing agranulocytosis; the latter, in addition, thrombocytopenia.

Overdose:

1. Symptoms: hypoglycemia.
2. Treatment: discontinuation of the drug, with