Core Bridge

Pontine Nucleus: Basic structure of neuroanatomy

In human neuroanatomy, the brain is a complex and amazing system consisting of many different structures. One of the key components of the brain is the Pontine nucleus, also known as the pontic nucleus (nucleus pontis), tract nucleus (nucleus pontobulbaris), nucleus of the tongue (nucleus bulgaris) or Jacobson's nucleus (nucleus of the brachium conjunctivum).

The pontine nucleus is a group of neurons located at the top of the pons, which is part of the brain stem. It plays an important role in regulating motor functions, coordinating movements, and transmitting information between different areas of the brain.

One of the main functions of the pons nucleus is to participate in the formation of the pyramidal system, which controls conscious movement and muscle coordination. The pontine nucleus receives information from the cerebral cortex and transmits it to the lower motor neurons of the spinal cord. Thus, it plays an important role in regulating motor functions and maintaining motor activity.

In addition, the Pontine nucleus is also involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. This structure is associated with the formation and maintenance of sleep-wake cycles, as well as the regulation of sleep depth and dream phases. Dysfunction of the pons nucleus can lead to various somnolent states and sleep disorders.

Another important function of the Pontine nucleus is its participation in the regulation of sensitivity and perception. It transmits information from the brainstem and spinal cord to various areas of the cerebral cortex responsible for processing tactile, visual and auditory signals. Thus, the pons nucleus plays an important role in integrating sensory information and ensuring the normal functioning of the body's sensory systems.

In conclusion, the pontine nucleus is an important structure of neuroanatomy, playing a key role in the regulation of motor functions, sleep and wakefulness, as well as sensation and perception. Its disturbances can lead to various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Studying the functions and properties of the pons nucleus contributes to a deeper understanding of brain function and may have important practical applications in the fields of medicine and neuroscience.

The bridge core is the fundamental element of any bridge. Without it, the bridge will not be able to function and ensure traffic safety. A properly designed and executed bridge core can withstand enormous loads and ensure that the weight of the structure is evenly transferred to the supports. If you do not pay due attention to it, then unpleasant surprises are possible during operation: in the form of cracks, dips and distortions. From this article you will learn about the structure, purpose and problems that may be encountered during the construction of bridges.

Purpose of the bridge core

The task of the bridge core is to uniformly distribute the load that occurs on the bridge structure as vehicles pass over it. As a result of the influence of this load, the core transfers it to the foundation piles or grillage, performing the functions of a stabilizer. The core allows you to transfer the maximum permissible load to other elements of the bridge structure, while ensuring a fairly stable balance of the structures. When constructing bridges, more than 20 types of connections are provided, among which there are ordinary supports and span-connected ones. The main purpose of their creation is to increase the load-bearing capacity of the structural elements spanning the spans, as well as the overall stability of the structure. 

What determines the reliability and safety of bridge construction?

When constructing bridges, a significant portion of the load is transferred to the core. In order for the structure to serve for a long time, the correct choice of material for the production of core elements and assembly technology are necessary. In this case, it is important to produce a monolithic, single product with minimal rigidity and sufficient strength to withstand the loads from the transport mass along the entire length of the bridge deck. Even minimal deviations in plan and profile cannot be allowed during the manufacturing or laying process, otherwise, when loaded, the bridge will act like a reinforced avalanche, sweeping away everything in its path. Meanwhile, in the case of deflection of the base, eccentricities of loads arise on the stringers and the bridge beam, which provoke premature destruction of the structure. The strength, reliability and durability of the load-bearing elements of the bridge largely depend on the durability of their reinforced concrete cores, so the quality of their manufacture should be given increased attention. One of the key indicators of competent and high-quality construction of a bridge when developing design documents has always been the standards for permissible core deformations. They specified the distances established between the supporting parts of reinforced concrete span structures or between the nearest rows of concrete folds. The size of the permissible deviations in such cases is determined after the actual settlement of the structure has been established with an error of ± 30