Cyclosporin A

Cyclosporin A is a drug that suppresses the functions of the immune system; is prescribed to prevent and treat organ or bone marrow transplant rejection. Trade name: Sandimmun.

Cyclosporine A was discovered in the 1970s and revolutionized transplantation, significantly increasing the survival rate of organ transplant patients. It selectively suppresses the function of T lymphocytes, preventing them from producing interleukin-2 and other cytokines involved in immune transplant rejection.

Cyclosporine is widely used to prevent and treat acute rejection of kidney, liver, heart, lung, and bone marrow transplants. It is also used for autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease.

The main side effects of cyclosporine are nephrotoxicity and hypertension. The drug has a narrow therapeutic window and requires careful monitoring of blood concentrations. However, when used correctly, cyclosporine A remains one of the most effective immunosuppressants in transplantation.

Cyclosporin A is a drug that is used to suppress the immune system and prevent transplant rejection. It is used in medicine to treat patients who have had organ or bone marrow transplants, as well as to treat some other diseases associated with impaired immune system function.

Cyclosporine A is an immunosuppressant, meaning it reduces the activity of the immune system, which helps prevent transplant rejection and reduce the risk of complications such as infections. The drug is also used to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

The trade name of the drug is “Sandimmune”. However, before starting treatment with cyclosporine A, a full evaluation should be performed to determine the dosage and duration of treatment. In some cases, especially organ transplants, continuous use of the drug may be required throughout the patient's life.

Although cyclosporine A has many benefits, it also has some side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache and liver dysfunction. Therefore, treatment with this drug should be carried out under the supervision of a physician and taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.

**Cyclosporine A** is an immunosuppressive drug used in organ and bone marrow transplantation that suppresses the functions of the immune system and promotes rejection of the transplanted organ or bone marrow in the recipient. It is used instead of the bone marrow-destroying cyclophosphamide.

The trade name of Cyclosporin A is Sandimmune. When taken orally, the drug is poorly absorbed. Replenishes the deficiency of cyclosporine A and keeps the plasma concentration constant, and its relationship with the dose remains linear. The half-life ranges from 2.8 to 3.4 hours. More than 95% is excreted from the body with bile through the intestines. Metabolized in the liver, resulting in the formation of a pharmacologically active metabolite that does not affect the biotransformation of cyclosporine in the body. Clearance is independent of pharmacokinetics.

The main effect of the drug is to suppress cell proliferation and apoptosis of lymphocytes. It also reduces the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, which are associated with suppression of cellular immunity. This reduces the risk of graft rejection or hypersensitivity reaction and increases transplant survival