Dermatophyte

Dermatophyte is a fungus that can belong to one of three genera: Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. These fungi feed on keratin and can cause dermatomycosis in humans - a fungal infection of the skin, hair and nails.

Dermatophytes are able to penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin, hair and nails, feeding on keratin, the protein that makes up these tissues. This leads to inflammation and peeling of the skin, hair breaking and nail deformation.

The most common diseases caused by dermatophytes are:

1. Microsporia is a lesion of the scalp caused by the fungus Microsporum.

2. Trichophytosis is a lesion of the skin, scalp and nails caused by the fungus Trichophyton.

3. Athlete's foot is a skin lesion on the feet and hands caused by the fungus Epidermophyton.

Diagnosis of dermatomycosis is based on the clinical picture and laboratory tests. Local and systemic antifungal drugs are used for treatment.

Dermatophyte: Fungal infection affecting the skin and nails

Introduction

Dermatophytes, also known as dermatophyte fungi, are a group of fungi that can cause infections on human skin and nails. They belong to the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton and are parasites that feed on keratin - the main component of hair, nails and the stratum corneum of the skin. Dermatophytes can cause a disease known as dermatomycosis, which can have a significant impact on the quality of life of those infected.

Characteristics of Dermatophytes

Dermatophytes are fungi that have adapted to life on the surface of human skin and nails. They have the ability to destroy keratin, which is the main structural component of skin, hair and nails. Dermatophytes typically reproduce by secreting spores, which can be transmitted from person to person or by infected animals. They can survive in the external environment, such as floor surfaces, clothing or hygiene products, and can cause infection upon contact with affected areas of the skin or nails.

Genera of dermatophytes

Dermatophytes can be classified into three main genera: Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. Each genus can cause different types of dermatomycosis and have its own characteristics.

1. Genus Microsporum: This genus of dermatophytes commonly causes infections of the scalp, such as tinea fungus. It can also affect the nails and cause ringworm.

2. Genus Trichophyton: Dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton can cause various types of tinea versicolor, including tinea pedis, tinea pedis, and tinea pedis. They can also affect the nails and cause onychomycosis.

3. Genus Epidermophyton: Dermatophytes of this genus typically infect the interdigital folds of the feet and cause tinea pedis. They can also affect other areas of the skin such as the forehead, groin folds and nails.

Dermatomycosis: Symptoms and Treatment

Infection caused by dermatophytes is known as dermatomycosis. Symptoms of ringworm can vary depending on the type of infection and the area affected, but include the following:

1. Redness and inflammation of the skin
2. Peeling and cracks
3. Itching and burning
4. Swelling and blistering
5. Hair loss (in case of damage to the scalp)
6. Changes in nail texture and color (if nails are affected)

To diagnose dermatomycosis, your doctor may take a sample of the affected skin or nail and perform a microscopic examination or culture to determine the presence of dermatophytes.

Treatment for ringworm involves the use of antifungal medications, which may be in the form of creams, ointments, lotions, or oral medications, depending on the severity of the infection. The duration of treatment can vary from several weeks to several months, and it is important to follow your doctor's recommendations.

Prevention of ringworm

There are several precautions you can take to prevent ringworm:

1. Maintain good skin and nail hygiene.
2. Avoid wearing shoes that are too tight or made from synthetic materials, especially in humid environments.
3. Dry skin and nails after contact with water, especially in skin folds.
4. Avoid walking barefoot in public places such as swimming pools, showers and locker rooms.
5. Do not share other people's personal hygiene items, such as towels, scissors, or nail accessories.

Conclusion

Dermatophytes are fungi that can cause dermatomycosis, an infection of the skin and nails. They feed on keratin and belong to the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. If you suspect dermatomycosis, it is important to consult a doctor for diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Taking precautions such as good hygiene and avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces can help prevent tinea worms.