Diencephalic

Diencephaly (ancient Greek δι - two and έγκρατος - cerebellum) or diencephalism (ancient Greek δειεν - before, instead of and γχαλαιβω - I declare) is a congenital product of the nervous system, accompanied by a change in the location of the diencephalon.

Diencephalic anomalies of brain development can be expressed in the form of disturbances in the structure of the chiasm, the formation of additional ventricles, arachnoid cysts, glial tumors, hypoplasia or hyperplasia of the pineal gland. Diencephaly is widespread among animals of various species, first identified in pigs and other pigs in the 19th century. P. Baer first described diencephaly in 1865.

The study of anatomical defects of the diencephalon in humans is associated with the search for neurooncological and neurodegenerative diseases; searching for methods to identify ischemic encephalogram damage, dynamic stereotypes and motor disorders, using the assessment of anthropometric parameters and somatoscopy of the cranium in order to identify primary symptoms; with studies of possible population differences in cognitive-psychological functions, as well as with the determination of psychophysiological characteristics of various ethnic groups.